- 期刊
高雄市三民區幼兒氣質特徵之研究
A Study on the Temperamental Characteristics of Kaohsiung "Sanmin Chii" Toddlers
摘要
本研究嘗試使用美國Carey所設計的幼兒氣質量表，來了解中國幼兒氣質特徵，並建立常模。研究樣本取自高雄市三民區350位12個月～36個月正常幼兒，由主要照顧者填寫問卷及相關資料。將量表所得結果依年齡分為12~23個月及24~36個月兩組，求其九項氣質的平均值及標準差，以建立高雄市三民區幼兒的常模。並分析性別、年齡、出生次序、社會經濟階層與九項氣質特徵的關係，五類氣質特徵分佈情形與性別、胎次、年齡的關係。再以本研究的資料和Carey及台北所做的結果比較。結果發現女性較男性的活動量小，適應度高。隨著年齡的增加活動量愈小，適應度愈高，堅持度愈強，注意力愈不易分散，反應閾變低。低階層家庭的幼兒呈現負向情緒本質，而高階層家庭的幼兒較有規律性。九項氣質特徵及五種氣質特徵類型與台北的結果較接近，但與Carey的美國常模有顯著的不同，可見幼兒氣質的特徵具有種族差異性。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
This paper investigates the usefulness of revised the Carey's toddler temperament scale (T.T.S.) and tries to establish the norms of temperamental characteristics of toddlers in Taiwan. The T.T.S. was administered to the caretakers of 350 12-36-month-old normal toddlers in Kaohsiung ”Sanmin Chii”. The sample was divided into two groups by age (12-23 months and 24-36 months). The data were analyzed to see possible effect of sex difference, birth order, and socioeconomic status, and furthermore compared to the results of studies conducted in Taipei and the U.S.A. The main findings of this study are listed below. 1. The females are less active and more adaptive than males. 2. As the age increases the activity level tends to decrease, adaptability increases, persistence increases, distractibility decreases and the threshold becomes lower. 3. Toddlers from families of higher S. E. S. are better in regularity. Those from lower S.E.S. are less positive in mood. 4. The characteristics of temperament found in the Kaohsiung study are similar to those in Taipei in all categories except approach and distractibility in the 12-23-month group. However there are significant differences in five categories for the 24-36-month group. 5. The differences between the norms of Kaohsiung Sanmin Chii and Carey's norms are highly significant in all categories except mood in the 24-36-month group. Five categories show significant difference in the 12-23-month group.