某病房對使用過的針筒及針頭的初步處理情形

Primary Treatment of Contaminated Syringes and Needles in a Ward

莊淑芳(Su-Fang Chuang) ； 盧勝男(Sheng-Nan Lu) ； 黃梅藍(May-Lan Hwang) ； 鄭雲如(Yin-Ru Cheng) ； 潘靜雲(Chin-Yin Pan) ； 方玉霞(Yu-Shya Fang) ； 柯純卿(Chun-Chin Ko) ； 張文宇(Wen-Yu Chang)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 7卷10期 (1991/10) Pp. 542-544

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199110.0542

摘要

經體液傳染的病毒已經成為威脅人類健康的大敵。這些病毒造成醫護人員職業危害，也可能成環境中的危害物質。本研究目的在於了解病房工作人員對於使用過的針筒及針頭處理的情形及評估在職教育的效果。正確的處理方法是與體液接觸過的針筒須與未曾接觸過的分開，使用過的針頭不應在蓋上蓋子。先做一週的觀察紀錄，經廢棄物正確處理方法的教育課程後隔天及一個月後各做第二次及第三次的一週觀查。果顯示三次觀察之針筒分類錯誤率依次分為別為4.4%（33/ 758），1.4%（9/ 661）及3.9%（18/ 616）。第二次錯誤顯著低於第一次。使用過針頭加蓋的比率依次分別為50.4%（287/ 259），44.3%（198/ 447）及38.5%（269/ 699），有顯著逐漸降低的趨勢。針筒分類錯誤率並不高，再教育可降低錯誤率但效果短暫。對針頭用後不宜加蓋經宣導後有顯著改善，但有約四成的針頭使用後仍被加蓋。本病房已參考研究結果加以改善。

並列摘要

Body fluid transmitted viruses become the major enemies of human health. These viruses have been reported as occupational hazards for health care personnel, and they may become environmental hazards as well. We conducted this study to examine the primary treatment of used syringes and needles in a ward, and to evaluate the effects of re-education. For questions such as “The used syringes with bloody contamination should isolated from those without” and “The cover of used needles should not be put back on”, we recorded error rates during the 1st one-week observation. A lecture about the standard treatment methods of discarding instruments was given to all nurses in this ward after the 1st observation. The 2nd and 3rd one-week observations were repeated one day and one month after the lecture, respectively. The misclassification rates of discarded syringes were 4.4% (33/758), 1.4% (9/661) and 3.9% (18/616). There was a significant decrease between the 1st and 2nd observations (p＜0.05), but no significant difference between the 1st and 3rd observations (p＜0.05). The rates of covered discarded needles were 50.4% (287/569), 44.3% (198/447) and 38.5% (269/699), respectively. These rates showed a trend to decrease (p＜0.05). The misclassification rates of discarded syringes were low. Although re-education achieved only temporary effects, self-protective education on not re-covering used needles was effective. However, about 40% of all discarded syringes were still being covered after use. Based on our finding, some improvements have been made in this ward.

並列關鍵字

syringes ； needles