Strategies for Blood Screening for the Hepatitis C Virus and for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in High Risk Groups

許多傳染性病的血清盛行率很低，但是卻有嚴重的結果。然而安全血液來源的篩選則需要很高的費用，例如血庫中，偵測大樣本之所有有害的項目就是一個昂貴且龐大的過程。自西元1943年即開始利用混合檢驗之統計方法，近來對於混合檢驗有進一步探討，例如決定一般大眾HIV血清盛行率或利用血液篩選去除所有HIV(＋)的個案，本研究描述用一簡單的數學方法，來去除所有HIV(＋)或HCV(＋)，藉此能獲得節省率的極大值，運用此方法，來決定每個階段的樣本數及節省率，結果顯示，當盛行率低於2％，則節省率高達80％以上。

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並列摘要

For many infectious agents, seroprevalence rate is low but has serious consequences and must therefore be kept out of donated blood supplies. However, screening to ensure the safety of blood supplies has an associated very high cost. Forexample, in blood banks, detection of all the harmful items in a large number of samples is an expensive and tedious process. The larboratory and statistical approaches to ob-tain significant savings by the pooling method were discussed from 1943, recently, there have been further discussions of pooling sera as a means to determining the HIV seroprevalence rate in the general population or the weed out all HIV-positive individuals in blood screening. Here we describe a simple mathematical method to weed out all HIV, and HCV seropositive units. The method is designed to max-imize possible savings. Two examples illustrate the application of this method in determining the number to be pooled in each stage, and the resluting savings. When the prevalence rate is lower than 2 precent. our method offers savings of over 80 percent.

並列關鍵字

HIV ； HCV ； blood screening

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Strategies for Blood Screening for the Hepatitis C Virus and for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in High Risk Groups

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