Comparison of Bone Mineral Density between Athletic and Non – Athletic Chinese Male Adolescents

中國青少年運動員及非運動員骨質密度的比較

蔡世傳(Shih-Chuan Tsai) ； 高嘉鴻(Chia-Hung Kao) ； 王世楨(Shyh-Hen Wang)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 12卷10期 (1996/10) Pp. 573-580

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199610.0573

摘要

為了評估運動對青少年骨質密度的影響，我們共收集29位青少年男性運動員（分別接受一至六年的棒球、游泳、柔道或中長跑的專長訓練）及8位年齡相仿的一般男性學生為對照組。所有的被研究皆採用雙光子吸收法骨質密度測量儀測量第二至第四腰椎及右股骨頸的骨質密度。結果如下：(1)運動員腰椎的骨質密度明顯比對照組大，股骨頸的骨質密度也有較大的傾向；(2)柔道運動員的腰椎骨質密度明顯大於棒球、游泳、中長跑等運動員及對照組；(3)棒球運動員的股骨頸骨質密度明顯大於柔道、游泳、中長跑等運動員及對照組；(4)對照組青少年的腰椎及股骨頸骨質密度皆與體重及身體質量指數（body mass index）有明顯相關性；(5)所有運動員的股骨頸骨質密度與體重及身體質量指數亦有明顯相關，但腰椎則無。至於各項專長運動員的骨質密度皆分別與體重及身體質量指數無明顯相關。這些結果或許顯示(1)青少年時期規律的運動對骨質密度的增加有所幫助；(2)運動方式不同，由於所刺激的部位不同，所以亦造成不同刺激部位骨質密度的增加。

並列摘要

For the evaluation of the effect of exercise on bone mineral density of adolescent athletes, twenty-nine Chinese male adolescent athletes, each of whom had regular training in his major sport which included baseball, swimming, judo and middle/long-distance running for one to six years and eight age-matched non-athletic controls were included in this study. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in all study subjects using dual photo absorptiometry at the second to fourth lumbar spines (L2-4) and the right femoral neck (FN). The results revealed the following: (1) the combined group of athletes had significantly greater BMD of L2-4 (1.08±0.09 g/cm^2)than the control group (0.99±0.08 g/cm^2) and a tendency for greater BMD of FN (1.15±0.13 g/cm^2) than the control group (1.09±0.13 g/cm^2); (2) judo majors had significantly greater BMD of L2-4 than baseball majors (P＜0.05), swimming majors (P＜0.01), track majors (P＜0.05) and controls (P＜0.005); (3) baseball majors had significantly greater BMD of L2-4 than controls (P＜0.05) and greater BMD of FN than swimming majors (P＜0.05), judo majors (P＜0.05), track majors (P＜0.005) and controls (P＜0.005); (4) body weight and body mass index (BMI) had good correlation with BMD of L2-4 and FN in control group, (5) in the combined group of athletes, weight and BMI were only strongly linked to BMD of FN, and not to BMD of L2-4. There was no good correlation between BMI and BMD of L2-4 and FN in any group of athletes. We concluded that (1) physical activity during adolescence may contribute significantly towards increasing BMD of athletes and (2) the training type may provide a specific stimulus for increasing BMD at specific localized sites experienced in training.

並列關鍵字

bone mineral density ； physical activity