Stressors of Living with HIV/AIDS: Patients' Perspectives

後天免疫缺乏症候群患者的壓力

熊秉荃(Ping-Chuan Hsiung) ； 蔡芸芳(Yun-Fang-Tsai)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 16卷3期 (2000/03) Pp. 148-155

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.200003.0148

摘要

在國內人類免疫缺乏病毒（HIV）陽性反應者與後天免疫缺乏症候群（AIDS）患者（以下簡稱患者）人數日漸增加，而醫療專業人員勢必面臨激增的患者醫療需求的情境下，醫療人員有必要熟悉患者的觀點以提供患者所需的服務。國內AIDS的相關研究一向以生物醫學研究及醫療人員對AIDS的知識及態度為主導，本研究之目的為探討患者於疾病過程中所經歷之壓力以開啟國內對患者主觀經驗的療解。本研究乃採質性研究中現象學之觀點以探討患者之觀點。資料收集的方式乃以開放性問題進行深度訪談，每個訪談的內容均以錄音帶記錄而後謄寫成文字稿以確保資料之完整性，並以開放性譯碼的方式分析資料。本研究的１４位男性患者，其平均年齡為35.71歲，而其得知自己為HIV陽性反應的其間平均為24.9個月，研究結果顯示患者經歷因HIV/AIDS所引發的多重壓力，患者的壓力包括：疾病診斷的衝擊、擔心告知化人自己罹病、不可預測的身體狀況、對身體症狀的高度警覺、情緒的起伏與波動及可預見的有限生命。此本土化研究期能促進醫療人員對患者觀點的瞭解，本研究結果可作為設計相關措施的基礎，進而促進患者因應疾病之能力。

並列摘要

With the prospect of increasing numbers of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), healthcare professionals (professionals) need to be better informed about patients’ perspectives in order to provide efficacious, compassionate, and efficient care to patients. In Taiwan, the biomedical research and healthcare purpose of als’ perspectives have dominated research related to HIV/AIDS. The purpose of the study was to investigate the stressors experienced by patients which have, thus far, been under-explored. This study used a phenomenological approach to gain insight into the patients’ experience. In-depth, open-ended interviews were used to collect data. Interviews were tape recorded and transcribed verbatim to maintain data integrity and to reduce perceptual bias. The open coding procedure was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Study participants were 14 male patients with an average age of 35.71 year-old, who had known their positive HIV status for an average of 24.9 months. Patients experienced multiple stressors because of having the life threatening illness of HIV/AIDS. Their stressors were identified as follows: being confronted with the diagnosis, fear of disclosure, unpredictability of their physical condition, hypervigilance toward physical symptoms, emotional upheaval, and constrained life planning. The findings of this study form the basis for professionals to design services particularly addressed to patients’ needs, for example, informed testing, and pre. And post counseling. Further efforts could focus on developing systemic intervention programs to help patients better cope with the challenges of living with HIV/ AIDS.

並列關鍵字

stressor；HIV/AIDS patient