A Controlled Study of Postpartum Depression in Adult Women

本研究目的在於使用對照組以了解產後期是否為成年期婦女憂鬱的高危險期。本研究樣本是高雄地區的成年女性，研究組收取成年期產婦（年齡＞２０歲），並以一般成年期婦女（最近一年內沒有懷孕或生產）為對照組，兩組以年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度、職業、子女數配對，每組樣本數各１４８名。測量工具除基本資料外，包括知覺壓力量表、社會支持調查表、自尊量表以及貝氏鬱量表。結果發現兩組在憂鬱的發生率沒有顯著差異；產後組在鬱的身體症狀方面（尤其是睡眠障礙和食慾不佳）比對照組高，其餘各量表的得分兩組沒有顯著差異。逐步複迴歸分析結果，產後組憂鬱的最佳預測因子為自尊、知覺壓力、產後合併症及職業，此四變項解釋了總變異量的５４％；對照組憂鬱的最佳預測因子則為自尊、社會支持、社經階層及知覺壓力，此四變項可解釋全部變異量的５３％。本研究結果顯示產婦雖抱怨較多的身體症狀，但其心理社會健康狀態和一般婦女沒有顯著差異，此現象值得進一步探討。

關鍵字

無資料

並列摘要

The main purpose of the study was to examine the hypothesis that the post partum period re-presents a time of increased risk for depression. The other psychosocial variables on stress, social support and self-esteem were also measured. Adult women, ranging in age from 22 to 45 years, comprised two Samples: 148 postnatal women (22 to 44 years) and 148 controls (22 to 45 years). Five sets of instruments were used to collect data: the Demographic Data Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, the Coopersmith’s Self-Esteem Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Although the postnatal group tended to have a higher rate of depression, the difference was not satistically significant. No significant differences in stress, social support, self-esteem or depression were found between these two groups. However, postnatal women reported significantly higher somatic symptoms of depression than controls. Results of the stepwise multiple regression indicated that the best subset to predict postpartum depression was self-esteem, stress, postnatal complication and work status. The best subset to predict depression of controls included self-esteem, social support, socioeconomic status and stress. Our data indicate that the psychosocial health status of postnatal women is not significantly different from the controls, although the postnatal women complain more about the loss of bodily functions. The possible explanations deserve further research.

並列關鍵字

social support；self-esteem；depression

國際替代計量

A Controlled Study of Postpartum Depression in Adult Women

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