Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors of Elderly Persons in Taiwan

台灣老人心血管疾病危險因子之盛行率

邱亨嘉(Herng-Chia Chiu) ； 李悌愷(Ti-Kai Lee) ； 毛莉雯(Lih-Wen Mau) ； 劉宏文(Hong-Wen Liu)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 18卷2期 (2002/02) Pp. 53-61

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.200202.0053

摘要

在台灣，心血管疾病長久以來位居老年人十大死亡原因之一。然而，甚少研究提及有關心血管疾病危險因子之盛行率。本研究之主要目的即在於依性別、年齡層以及居住地區分類，以檢視心血管疾病中生理與行為危險因子之盛行率。資料來源主要取自1989-1991年在台灣四個醫學中心所進行的一項全國橫斷性老人醫學調查研究，總計完成2,600位社區老人之評估。整體而言，高血壓是影響心血管疾病最盛行的生理危險因子(36.9%)，而在行為危險因子方面則是體重過重(34.38%)。若依性別分類，除了低HDL-C值外，女性老人在生理危險因子方面的盛行率皆高於男性老人；而男性老人則在行為危險因子上有較高的盛行率，但女性老人體重過重的盛行率則較高。若依年齡分層的結果來看，比較65-74歲與75歲（含）以上此兩組，發現在盛行率上並無統計顯著差異。依地區不同的分析則發現在各項危險因子的盛行率皆呈現地區性的差異。綜合上述，高血壓及體重過重應被視為預防心血管疾病初步篩檢的重要項目，而不同的預防方案之設計更應考慮性別及地區的差異性。

並列摘要

Cardiovascular disease has been one of the top-ten causes of death continuously for older persons in Taiwan. However, There is still a lack of sufficient information on prevalence rates of cardiovascular risk factors. The present study was intended to provide prevalence rates of biological and behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease by gender, age group, and dwelling area. Data were extracted from a nationwide, cross-sectional, geriatric survey (1989-1991) by four medical centers in Taiwan. A total of 2,600 community senior residents were successfully interviewed for analysis. For the whole sample, hypertension was found to be the most prevalent biological risk factor (36.9%), while being overweight was the first behavioral risk factor(34.38%). By gender, higher prevalence rates of biological risk factors were found in older women except for the low value of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); higher prevalence rates of behavioral risk factors were found in men except for being overweight. No statistically significant difference in prevalence rates was found between the 65-74 and 75+ years age groups. By dwelling area, significant differences in the prevalence rates of risk factors existed across the four study areas. In conclusion, hypertension and excessive weight are critical cardiovascular risk factors that can be early identified or prevented by screening programs and health education. Cardiovascular prevention programs for elderly people should be designed in their gender and dwelling area.

並列關鍵字

Cardiovascular disease ； prevalence ； risk factor ； elderly ； Taiwan