The Distribution of Blood Lead Levels and Job Titles among Lead-Acid Battery Workers in Taiwan

關於鉛蓄電池製造工人的血鉛值已經有一些報告發表，可是這些報告的工人常是只來自一家或少數幾家鉛蓄電池製造廠。我們訪查了全台灣有註冊登記的23家鉛蓄電池製造廠，並且收集他們於1992年的體檢報告，主要是因為當年的血鉛值檢查皆由三家醫學院附設醫院完成，資料比較可靠。結果共有1762個有效體檢報告，顯示全國鉛蓄電池製造工人平均血鉛值為37.1(ug/dL)，其中37%超過40 ug/dL(血鉛通報標準)。以訪查時(1993年4月)的全體鉛蓄電池製造工人為分母，則體檢受檢率為69.4%。假設在四種主要製程工作區(極板製造工作，組立工作，維護工作，辦公室工作)沒有特別的變異變化，則我們估計全國共有2486個鉛作業工人，且他們的血鉛值分佈可能為63.3%低於(含)40ug/dL，26.4%介於40到59ug/dL，9.25%介於60到79ug/dL，以及1.05%大於(含)80ug/dL以上。我們認為如此全國資料應每年彙整分析，可供鉛蓄電池製造作業的職業衛生成效及改進參考。如此的分析方法，並可以應用到其他行業，每年分析其特殊體檢資料，作為其職業衛生成效及改進參考。

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並列摘要

There were several reports about elevated blood lead levels in lead battery workers. However, their subjects came from only one or several plants. We visited all the 23 registered lead-acid battery plants in Taiwan and collected their health examination records in 1992, the blood lead analyses of which were completed in 3 medical college hospitals. In total, we have obtained 1726 records. The average blood lead concentration was 37.1 ug/dl, and 37% of blood lead levels were more than 40 ug/dl (action level). The overall participation rate for health examination among employees was 69.4%. The participation rates were different among both plant sizes and job titles. Assuming that there was no peculiar variation within the four working zones (plate manufacture jobs, assembly jobs, part-time exposure jobs, and office jobs) in each plant, and that blood lead levels of our samples were stable after deleting newly hired workers, we estimated that the blood lead distributions of2486 employees in these plants were 63. 3%,26.4%,9.25% and 1.05% for below 40, 40-59, 60-79, and above 80 ug/dl respectively. We conclude that such an analysis should he performed each year to monitor the effectiveness of occupational hygiene in workplace of lead battery plants.

並列關鍵字

lead battery workers ； blood lead

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The Distribution of Blood Lead Levels and Job Titles among Lead-Acid Battery Workers in Taiwan

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