- 期刊
Refractive Status of Mountain Aborigine Schoolchildren in Southern Taiwan
南台灣山地原住民區學童之屈光狀態
摘要
近視是台灣學童流行病學中的重要課題。其盛行率每年持續升高，而且平均屈光變成近視之年齡亦愈來愈低。因為偏遠地區眼科照護醫療之不足，原住民學童之屈光狀態沒有建立出完整之資料。在2005及2006年，在國民健康局之經費補助下，我們調查了南台灣山區原住民學童之眼屈光狀態。兩個鄉之五所小學中，共371位年紀自7歲至13歲之小學生納入本研究中。我們測量散瞳下之屈光狀態及自覺式視力檢查。總體之近視盛行率為25.6%。儘管年齡愈高，近視盛行率愈高，但原住民學童之年平均屈光變化似乎較緩慢。93%學童之球面當量屈光落在±1屈光度內。最高之近視度數僅只有－2.50屈光度。七位學童(1.89%)有屈光性弱視，其中遠視，散光及不等視是主要因素。雖然原住民學童之屈光狀態相對較穩定，本研究發現原住民學童之屈光狀態比以往更偏向近視，所以應該有更多之眼科照護引進這些偏遠地區。
並列摘要
Myopia is an epidemic health problem in Taiwan's schoolchildren. The prevalence of myopia has been increasing yearly, and the average age at which myopia develops has also become younger. Due to insufficient eye care in remote areas, the refractive status of aboriginal schoolchildren has not been well established. In 2005 and 2006, under the sponsorship of the Bureau of Health Promotion, we surveyed the ocular refraction of aboriginal schoolchildren in southern Taiwan mountain townships. From five primary schools in two townships, 371 children aged from 7 to 13 years of age were enrolled in our study. Refractive status under cycloplegia and subjective visual acuity were obtained. The crude prevalence of myopia (＜-0.25 diopter [D] was 25.6%. Although the prevalence increased with age, the annual change in mean refractive status was slower in the schoolchildren of mountain aborigines. The spherical equivalents of 93% of children were within ±1D. The highest myopia was only -2.50D. Seven children (1.82%) were refractive amblyopic, for which high hyperopia, astigmatism or anisometropia were the main causes. As aboriginal children were noted to be more myopic in this study than in the past, better eye care should be implemented in these remote areas.