- 期刊
以土壤水分遞減法與熱收支法估算臺東地區新興地番荔枝果園蒸發散量
To Estimate Evapotranspiration by Soil Moisture Depletion and Heat Budget for a Sugar Apple Orchard at Reclaimed Land of Taitung Area
摘要
本研究自2007年3月1日至2008年2月12日止，於臺東縣臺東市之新興地番荔枝栽植區，擇一面積1.8 ha（長度及寬度約爲150及120m）之番荔枝果園試區(121°4'56”E, 22°44'36”N)，針對淨輻射量、地中傳導熱量、氣溫、相對濕度及地面下不同土層深度（0.1、0.3及0.6 m）之土壤水分導電阻抗進行觀測，採土壤水分遞減法佔算實際蒸發散量(ET(下標 a))，對熱收支法估測蒸發散量(ET(下標 H))與A型蒸發皿蒸發量(E(下標 A))進行比較分析，以期建立新興地番荔枝果園之蒸發散量簡單估測方法。經相關係數與F值檢驗，可知(ET(下標 H))及(E(下標 A))均與(ET(下標 a))間具有直線遞增關係，前後二者之迴歸係數爲0.55及0.54，且已達1%顯著水準，顯示熱收支法估測新興地番荔枝果園之蒸發散量應具相當可信性，而每日(ET(下標 a))爲0.7~6.6 mm，平均值爲2.5 mm，及每日(ET(下標 H))爲0.6~7.3 mm，平均值爲3.0 mm。新興地番荔枝果園蒸發散比估值(ET(下標 a)/E(下標 A))約爲0.68。
並列摘要
This study was performed to obtain the rational evapotranspiration for sugar apple fields at a reclaimed land of Taitung area. The selected sugar apple orchard (22°44'36”N, 121°4'56”F) was enclosed with 1.8 ha (150 m×120 m), at suburb of Taitung City. Taitung Hsien, Taiwan. The observations included as follow: net radiation, soil heat flux, air temperature, relative humidity and soil moisture sensor resistance within 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 m depth under ground. All data of the estimated evapotranspiration (ET(superscript H)) by heat budget method and evaporation (E(superscript A)) by A-type evaporation tank were compared with the practical evapotranspiration (ET(superscript a)) by soil moisture depletion method, from March 1, 2007 to February 12, 2008. The simply estimated measures fir sugar apple fields at a reclaimed land could be created. The regression analysis of ET(superscript H) and E(superscript A) with ET(superscript a), had examined by correlation coefficient and F-test. The ET(superscript H) and E(superscript A) were significantly correlated to ET(superscript a) with a linear increasing tendency and 1% signification level, the regression coefficients were 0.55 and 0.54. There was a good confidence for estimating evapotranspiration of sugar apple orchard for a reclaimed land by the heat budget method. The daily range and average of ET(superscripta) and (ET(superscript H)) were (0.7-6.6, 2.5) mm and (0.6-7.3, 3.0) mm, respectively. The ratio of practical evapotranspiration and evaporation (ET(superscript a)/ET(superscript A)) for sugar apple orchard was about to 0.68.