應用降雨特性評估雨量估計方法及其應用

Evaluations of Estimating Areal Hyetograph and Its Applications

鄭士仁(Shin-Jen Cheng) ； 李正豐(Cheng-Feng Lee) ； 謝惠紅(Huey-Hong Hsieh) ； 李如晃(Ju-Huang Lee)

《農業工程學報》 56卷2期 (2010/06) Pp. 9-20

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201006.0002

摘要

本研究主要目的在評估雨量測站於推估面降雨組體圖之效應。徐昇多邊形法與區塊克利金法爲本研究推估面降雨組體圖所應用與比較之方法。於降雨事件之選擇，本研究採用具有完全觀測記錄之12場降雨事件。於區塊克利金法之次冪半變異圖，標準化後之降雨深度所得之無因次半變異圖爲取得逐時半變異圖之基本工具。研析過程中，測站權重與降雨組體圖之三個特性爲本研究之評估標準。所有雨量測站依次從原有站網中抽出，以利於比較推估方法與評估現有雨量測站。研究結果發現：(1)區塊克利金法適合應用於描述時間－空間架構之降雨歷程；(2)區塊克利金法可獲得較精確之面與量推估值；(3)雨量測站站網之分佈情形確實會影響平均降雨組體圖，其效應不可忽略。

關鍵字

徐昇多邊形 ； 區塊克利金 ； 次冪半變異圖模式 ； 代表性雨量測站 ； 時間 ； 空間降雨

並列摘要

This study mainly focuses on evaluating effects of raingauges on areal hyetograph estimation. The Thiessen polygon and block Kriging methods were applied to compute areal rainfall. The twelve rainfall events having complete recordings from all observation sites were used in this study. A dimensionless power semivariogram resulting from standardized rainfall depth is a tool to obtain hourly semivariograms. In analytic processes, raingauge weight and three major characteristics of a hyetograph were used as the criteria of evaluations. All gauges were taken in turns subtracted from original raingauge network, and then raingauge effects were compared with computations of all raingauges according three criteria. From the analytic results, this study found: (1) Block Kriging method is appropriate for describing rainfall process in spatiotemporal structure; (2) Kriging method is an excellent method for obtaining exactly mean rainfall; (3) effects of different raingauge networks indeed influence mean hyetograph and should not he neglected.

並列關鍵字

Thiessen polygon ； Block Kriging ； Power semivariogram model ； Raingauge significance ； Mean hyetograph ； Spatiotemporal rainfall