宜蘭河試驗流域長期水文監測

Long-term Hydrological Monitoring in Yilan River Experimental Watershed, Taiwan

欉順忠(Shun-Chung Tsung) ； 李士強(Shin-Chiang Li) ； 李榮富(Jung-Fu Lee) ； 柳文成(Wen-Chen Liu)

《農業工程學報》 62卷3期 (2016/09) Pp. 89-100

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201609_62(3).0008

摘要

水文水理模式於防災預警中扮演重要角色，因此模式需要足夠現場資料進行檢定驗證，以確保模式可以合理反應模擬區域內水文現象。台灣流域內水文現象愈趨複雜， 因此需更密集資料進行模式檢定驗證。流域內缺少全洪程流量與淹水歷程資料，主因為未建立穩定連續流量觀測程序與自動化淹水水位監測。為提高水文監測密度與提供水文水理模式充足驗證資料，本研究自2012 年起建置於宜蘭河試驗流域，監測項目包含雨量、河川水位、河川表面流速與淹水水位，至2015 年為止已有66 站。宜蘭河試驗流域最大特色為河川表面流速與淹水水位之監測。河川表面流速站主要應用指標流速法，配合聲波都卜勒流速儀現場流量觀測，以推估河川全洪程流量。於易淹區域設置可連續記錄之淹水水位站，以改善現有淹水監測調查不足。宜蘭河試驗流域中即時水情與歷史監測資料可由網站http://wraew.ttfri.narl.org.tw/查詢與下載。目前已經提供21 場颱洪事件水文監測資料。

關鍵字

試驗流域 ； 宜蘭河 ； 流量推估 ； 淹水歷程

並列摘要

Hydraulic and hydrologic numerical models play important roles for disaster warning and prevention. Sufficient field data is necessary for model validations which help model to present hydrologic phenomena properly. Hydraulic and hydrologic phenomena become more complicated in watersheds in Taiwan as disaster diversification and urbanization, and therefore more field data is needed for models. River discharge during flood and inundation history are short due to lack of stable and continuous monitoring methods. To satisfy validation needs for models, this study establishes the Yilan River Experimental Watershed since 2012 and monitors rainfall, river water level, river surface velocity and inundation water level. Now totally 66 sites have been installed. Unique monitoring terms include river surface velocity and inundation water level. River surface velocity is applied to estimate river discharge using index velocity method combined field discharge measurements by acoustic Doppler current profiler. Continuous recording sensor is also used to monitor water level to record inundation history. The monitoring data of real time and flood events can be shared and downloaded on the website of http://wraew.ttfri.narl.org.tw/.

並列關鍵字

Experimental watershed ； Yilan river basin ； Discharge estimation ； Inundation history