以溫濕度動態模式設計實現一混合控制系統適用於嫁接苗癒合室內模擬環境控制

Using the Temperature-Humidity Dynamic Model to Design and Implement a Hybrid Control System Suitable for Use in Simulated Environmental Control in an Acclimatization Chamber of Grafted Seedlings

邱奕志(Yi-Chich Chiu) ； 楊江益(Chiang-Yi Yang) ； 李柏緯(Po-Wei Lee) ； 周立強(Li-John Jou)

《農業工程學報》 65卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 57-82

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.201903_65(1).0005

摘要

本研究以混合控制系統為控制架構，以空氣熱力性質、濕空氣線圖及質能平衡論點為理論基礎，建立一泛用型室內溫濕度動態行為模型，結合片段線性函數及離散擬合論點再整合至混合式邏輯動態系統，採用模態時間作為數位時鐘輸出實現一具時變性之仿真控制器，對一連續系統進行控制。在控制法則中為解決溫濕度環境控制過程中所衍生的多目標衝突問題，本研究整合物理定律、邏輯規則及操作限制，演繹嫁接苗癒合室內溫濕度環境有限狀態機。運用布林代數演算及線性不等式之併用方法定義控制系統中輸出操作機制，將溫濕度環境控制程序中存在的複雜邏輯規則以有系統方式轉譯為LabVIEW程式編程，建構嫁接苗癒合室溫濕度環境之虛擬儀錶控制系統。本研究根據2002年發表歷史資料，採用當時的外界溫濕度條件及溫溼度環境操作程序（條件序控法）模擬嫁接苗癒合養生室之溫溼度歷程與用電情況之控制結果。在系統模擬準確性驗證中，對照已發表研究中夏、冬及春季溫濕度環境調控試驗與本研究模擬之結果可得兩者之間的趨勢變化一致。在此模擬系統評估部分，夏、冬及春季的用電量模擬結果顯示本研究提出之環境控制程序及輸出操作機制下之用電量相較於原調控操作各減少24%、37%及29%。本研究確信在設施建造或改建擴充之前運用此虛擬儀表控制技術可實現嫁接苗癒合室內溫濕度環境控制的仿真分析，並由模擬的控制結果及用電量情況作為比較評估，可降低系統建構過程的開發成本、時間及錯誤。

關鍵字

溫濕度環境控制 ； 有限狀態機 ； 嫁接苗 ； 混合控制系統

並列摘要

This study adopts a hybrid control system as a modeling scheme for a universal type of indoor temperature-humidity dynamic model. It is based on mass-energy equilibrium principles, the properties of air, and psychrometric charts. In the model, a combination of piecewise linear functions and discrete approximation theory are integrated into a mixed logical dynamic system to implement a time-variant emulating controller in order to approach a continuous system by using the output of a digital clock to simulate real-time behavior. To solve multi-objective conflict control problems arising from temperature-humidity environmental control procedures in the control rules, this study integrates physical laws, logic rules, and operational constraints to deduce the temperature-humidity environment in the form of a finite state machine for an acclimatization chamber for grafted seedlings. With the combined use of a Boolean algorithm and linear inequalities to define the operational mechanism for the output of the control system, the complex logical rules underlying temperature-humidity environmental control procedures are systematically transformed into compiled LabVIEW programming to construct a virtual instrumental control system for the temperature-humidity environment in an acclimatization chamber for grafted seedlings. Based on a study published in 2002, this study adopts current outdoor climate conditions and temperature-humidity environmental operating procedures (the condition-sequence control method) to simulate the control outcome of temperature-humidity processes and power consumption in an acclimatization chamber for grafted seedlings. To verify the precision of the simulated control system, the results of temperature-humidity environmental control experiments in summer, winter, and spring from the published study are compared with the simulated results from this study that display the corresponding trends. Compared with the results of the published study, the results for the simulated control system show power consumption reductions of 24%, 37%, and 29% in summer, winter, and spring (autumn), respectively, using the environmental control procedures and output operational mechanisms developed in this study. This study confirms that virtual instrumental control techniques can be used to implement the emulation analysis to achieve temperature-humidity environmental control in an acclimatization chamber for grafted seedlings before expansion or construction of the structure. The simulated control outcomes and power consumption can be used to reduce development costs, time, and errors in systemic construction procedures in comparison to other methods of evaluation.

並列關鍵字

Temperature-humidity environmental control ； Finite state machine ； Grafted seedling ； Hybrid control system