明德水庫集水區污染熱區分析及水質改善策略研擬

本研究區域為明德水庫，此水庫主要功能為灌溉及公共給水，主要供應苗栗地區農業用水、工業用水及部分民生用水。歷年來明德水庫水質多處於優養狀態，且有日趨惡化之趨勢。本研究結合都市暴雨逕流管理模式（Storm Water Model, SWMM）進行集水區水質水量模擬，及零維總磷質量平衡模式（Vollenweider Model）進行水庫水質模擬，主要目的係要探討及分析明德水庫集水區內污染源及污染熱區，為改善明德水庫水質狀態，本研究研擬數個水質改善情境方案。由分析結果可知，明德水庫集水區以非點源污染比例較高，點源和非點源污染比例約分別為20%及80%，因此，本研究建議加強非點源污染控制與削減，並應從集水區內之污染熱區優先執行。

關鍵字

污染削減；水庫水質；集水區管理

並列摘要

The study area is the Mingde Reservoir Watershed. The main functions of this reservoir are irrigation and public water supply. It mainly supplies water for agriculture, industry and some people's livelihoods in Miaoli. In recent years, the eutrophication problem of the Mingde Reservoir is getting worse. This study applies the watershed model (SWMM) and reservoir model (Vollenweider). The purpose of this study is to analyze the pollution sources and pollution hotspots in the Mingde Reservoir Watershed. In order to protect the water quality of the Mingde Reservoir, this study proposes several pollution reduction strategies. The analysis results show that there is about 20% of point source pollution and 80% of non-point source pollution in the Mingde Reservoir watershed. Therefore, the control and reduction of non-point source pollution needs to preferentially implement in the pollution hotspots of the Mingde Reservoir Watershed.