家禽屠宰場空氣中人畜共通傳染病原菌之分布與特性

Distribution and characteristics of airborne zoonotic pathogenic bacteria in the poultry slaughterhouses

莊啓佑(Chi-Yu Chuang) ； 何宗南(Tsung-Nan Ho) ； 楊心豪(Shinhao Yang) ； 黃筱茜(Hsiao-Chien Huang) ； 徐櫻芳(Ying-Fang Hsu) ； 洪粕宸(Po-Chen Hung) ； 劉暐廷(Wei-Ting Liu)

《農業工程學報》 67卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 64-73

https://doi.org/10.29974/JTAE.202109_67(3).0006

摘要

本研究主要針對家禽屠宰作業環境空氣中，主要之人畜共通傳染病病原菌分布特性進行調查，以瞭解作業人員可能之危害暴露情形。研究主要選取3場家禽類屠宰場進行採樣，依作業內容，將作業環境分為繫留場、屠宰室、雜碎處理洗滌室、分切包裝區、用具及容器清洗場所等5區，並針對個別區域進行病原菌生物氣膠採檢。在人畜共通傳染病原菌生物氣膠採樣上，選擇人畜共通傳染病之指標微生物李斯特菌、金黃色葡萄球菌、沙門氏菌與出血性大腸桿菌作為採樣菌種，生物氣膠是利用AGI-30採樣器進行採樣，並以選擇性培養基培進行個別人畜共通指標病原菌菌落培養。採樣結果顯示，在3場家禽屠宰場中，李斯特菌、沙門氏菌、金黃色葡萄球菌均有檢出空氣中生物氣膠，出血性大腸桿菌生物氣膠均是未檢出。整體來看，金黃色葡萄球菌被檢出濃度最高，濃度可達8.64 ± 0.70×10^4 CFU/m^3。個別作業區域生物氣膠分布上，在可檢出之病原菌生物氣膠部分，李斯特菌與金黃色葡萄球菌在各區均有檢出，沙門氏菌生物主要屠宰室、雜碎處理洗滌室、分切包裝區等三區檢出。在清理後之採檢部分，仍有部分作業區域檢出李斯特菌、金黃色葡萄球菌與沙門氏菌生物氣膠。整體數據顯示，家禽屠宰作業場所中，人畜共通傳染病病原菌在屠宰過程中多有檢出，且濃度最高可達10^4 CFU/m^3，同時部分場所在清洗後，空氣中仍有檢出相關病原菌，故建議作業人員應加強個人防護用具的配戴（包含手套、口罩及工作服），作業完成後應進行消毒程序，以避免感染。

關鍵字

家禽屠宰場 ； 人畜共通傳染病 ； 病原菌 ； 生物氣膠 ； 分布

並列摘要

This study aims to investigate the distribution characteristics of the main zoonotic pathogenic bacteria in the air of the poultry slaughter working environment. Three poultry slaughterhouses were selected as the sampling sites. In each site, the operating environment could be divided, into 5 areas. In this work, Listeria, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157: H7, was chosen as the sampling targets. The bioaerosol was sampled by the AGI-30 sampler, and a selective medium was used to cultivate individual bacterial colonies that are indicator of zoonotic pathogenic bacteria. The sample results show that in the three poultry slaughterhouses, Listeria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella are all detected, Escherichia coli O157: H7 is not detected. On the whole, Staphylococcus aureus is detected at the highest concentration, 8.64±0.70×10^4 CFU/m^3. In terms of distribution in individual areas, in the bioaerosol section of the pathogenic bacteria that can be detected, Listeria and Staphylococcus aureus are detected in each area. Salmonella bioaerosol was mainly found in these three areas: slaughter room, offal treatment washing room, and slitting and packaging area. After the cleaning, Listeria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella are still detected in some work areas.

並列關鍵字

Poultry slaughterhouse ； Zoonotic ； Pathogenic bacteria ； Bioaerosol ； Distribution

參考文獻

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