Explicit Dynamic Finite Element Analysis and Uniform Design with Kriging Interpolation and Optimization to Improve an on-Road Bicycle Frame Undergoing Drop-Mass Impact Test

動態有限元素分析與均勻實驗設計於公路車車架之改善設計

李政鋼(Cheng-Kang Lee) ； 鄭永長(Yung-Chang Cheng) ； 江卓培(Cho-Pei Jiang)

《中國機械工程學刊》 36卷4期 (2015/08) Pp. 353-361

摘要

本文旨在提出一種可以改善公路自行車在落錘試驗下變形量的有效方法，依據EN-14781的自行車測試法規，利用顯示動態有限元素分析求出車架最大的永久變形量。本研究提出整合均勻實驗設計、克利金插值法、基因演算法與Nelder-Mead單形法的一種創新的研究方法。研究結果顯示，經過均勻實驗設計後，車架的最大變形量可有11.7%的改善，經過最佳化流程後，車架的最大變形量則有13.3%的改善。最後由因子重要性分析得知，在最佳設計點上，車架的上管厚度是影響最大永久變形量之最重要因子。降低上管厚度將使得最大永久變形量明顯增加。

並列摘要

This paper aims to present a systematic approach to improve the design of an on-road bicycle frame which undergoes drop-mass impact test simulation. Performance measure of the frame is maximum permanent displacement (MPD) along the longitudinal direction of the frame, according to EN-14781 bicycle testing standard. The behavior of the frame impacted by a dropping mass is predicted by explicit dynamic finite element analysis. The innovative and integrated procedures composed uniform design of experiments, Kriging interpolation, genetic algorithm and Nelder-Mead simplex method are introduced in this study. Based on the numerical results obtained in this paper, MPD can be reduced by 11.7% after performing the uniform design of experiments and 13.3% after performing surrogate modeling and optimization. For the optimal design of frame, the most significant factor is TTT. Decreasing TTT is not beneficial for reducing MPD.

並列關鍵字

ANSYS/LS-DYNA ； Drop-mass impact test ； Explicit dynamic finite element analysis ； Uniform design ； Kriging interpolation ； Genetic algorithm ； Maximum permanent deformation ； Nelder-Mead simplex ； On-Road bicycle frame