Dynamic Analyses of a High-Speed Train Secondary Suspension System Equipped with Semi-Active Dampers Operating on Curved Tracks

高速列車次懸吊系統具半主動式阻尼器行駛於曲線軌道之動態響應分析

吳翼貽(Ye-Ee Wu) ； 李文峰(Wen-Feng Lee) ； 楊條和(Tyau-Her Young) ； 廖崑亮(Kuen-Liang Liao) ； 錢明鴻(Ming-Hung Chien)

《中國機械工程學刊》 38卷5期 (2017/10) Pp. 499-512

摘要

When a train goes through a curve, the more the train speed increases, the greater the centrifugal force. If only the cant of the outer rail is used and the balancing centrifugal force is still insufficient, the speed of the train through the curve should be restricted. However, if suspension changes are used to compensate for the inadequacy of the cant, the speed of the train can be increased. This study undertook dynamic analyses of a semi-active suspension system for high-speed trains operating on curved tracks. Through the Newmark Method, the dynamic responses could be obtained at each time point to indicate the effectiveness of conventional dampers and the semi-active damper. Simulation results showed that the semi-active damper can achieve up to a 30% suppression of lateral displacement and lateral acceleration. This result indicates that semi-active control can increase passenger comfort by reducing the car body vibrations of vehicle systems operated on curved tracks. The smaller the radius of the curvature, the greater the lateral acceleration that will be produced, while the efficiency of using a semi-active skyhook shock absorber will also be more obvious. This also increases the stability and safety of vehicles operating at high speeds on curved tracks.

關鍵字

Semi-active skyhook damper ； high-speed train ； curved track ； wheel/rail interaction

並列摘要

列車通過曲線時，因受離心力影響，一般係於軌道上利用外側軌超高（cant）來平衡離心力，使車輛重心儘量回位至軌道中心，但往往因外軌超高（cant）必須受到限制造成車輛往內軌移動，當列車速度越高，離心力就越大，如僅利用曲線外軌超高使車體傾斜仍不足平衡離心力時，則須限制列車通過曲線的速度，假如能使懸吊系統變化，補足外軌超高之不足，則可提高列車營運速度，本研究探討高速列車具半主動懸吊系統行駛於彎曲軌道的的動態分析，經過紐馬克（Newmark）數值分析法，求得車輛及軌道系統在每一個時刻之動態響應，探討應用一般阻尼及半主動式阻尼器的成效，模擬結果指出當車輛系統具半主動式阻尼器，可降低車廂側向位移及側向加速度響應約達30%，這結果表明半主動式阻尼可以有效提高乘客乘坐的舒適性，且當曲率半徑越小產生之側向加速度越大，使用半主動式Skyhook阻尼器之效益越明顯 亦能夠增加車輛於高速行駛於曲線軌道之穩定性及安全。