- 期刊
臺灣人類乳突病毒疫苗接種政策分析與建言
Taiwan's Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Policy Analysis and Recommendations
摘要
防治人類乳突病毒（HPV）侵襲，接種疫苗是最直接、有效和經濟的一種預防方法，本文透過行政管理與實務執行兩面向分析HPV疫苗接種政策問題，以做為未來施政之參考。我國HPV疫苗接種政策在行政管理面上，已列入國家疫苗接種時程，且設有不良事件通報機制，目前衛生福利部（以下簡稱衛福部）編列預算提供國一女生免費接種，但尚未能讓男生也可接種；在實務執行面，政府採鼓勵但不強迫方式提供接種服務，全臺亦有接種合約醫療院所，各縣市國中也積極配合此政策，施打疫苗為對HPV第16、18型別有效的二價疫苗，卻忽略台灣其他常見型別。另外，由於民眾認知不足，政府又未提供多元管道宣導HPV健康教育，且亦無接種疫苗成效追蹤完整報告，使民眾對疫苗缺乏信心而影響其接種意願。因此，本文建議衛生福利部國民健康署（以下簡稱國健署）可施打九價疫苗，並提供未符合優先接種條件的群體，享有自費接種的優惠，亦可設置與HPV相關的APP程式或以社群軟體方式加強宣導，並揭露有關疫苗的相關副作用。期望能建立新興防癌疫苗的政策決策制度，讓我國對於子宮頸癌的防治有更積極的作為。
並列摘要
Vaccination is a new option for the prophylaxis of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In this study, we analyzed the administration and practical problems of the HPV vaccination policy and proposed suggestions for future policy implementation. The HPV vaccination policy was integrated into Taiwan's national immunization schedule, and an adverse event notification mechanism and assistance channels were implemented. The Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan has provided a budget for HPV vaccination. The vaccination is provided free of charge for seventh grade female students; however, due to limited funding, male students are excluded. The Health Promotion Administration of the Ministry of Health and Welfare established a webpage to provide information on HPV vaccination to the public. However, the possibility of serious adverse reactions to the vaccine was not completely disclosed. The government has encouraged HPV vaccination, and counties and cities have contracted medical institutions for vaccination. Junior high schools have actively cooperated with the program for the bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18; however, other common types of HPV in Taiwan have been omitted from this program. Additionally, we noted public awareness is not enough, a lack of diversified channels to obtain accurate knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccines, and vaccination effect tracking reports incomplete. Thus, some people do not have confidence in the program and do not intend to receive the vaccination. The government should promote the 9-valent HPV vaccine and provide people who do not meet priority vaccination criteria with subsidies for self-funded vaccination. A mobile application and social network with information on HPV and vaccine side effects should be provided to strengthen publicity. Moreover, a policy-making system should be established for emerging anticancer vaccines; therefore, the government can assume a more active role in the prevention of cervical cancer.