減壓床墊預防壓力性損傷之成效研究

Effectiveness of Pressure-Reducing Mattresses in Preventing Pressure Injuries

張麗銀(Li-Yin Chang) ； 尤琇慧(Hsiu-Hui Yu) ； 聶曉琪(Hsiao-Chi Nieh) ； 彭素貞(Su-Chen Pong)

《榮總護理》 38卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 260-268

https://doi.org/10.6142/VGHN.202109_38(3).0005

摘要

壓力性損傷為急性及慢性病人常見之健康議題，本研究之目的為瞭解減壓床墊對壓力性損傷之預防成效。研究設計分為二階段，包括次級資料分析與類實驗設計。次級資料分析結果為壓力性損傷發生密度則使用標準床墊組1360人日次，減壓床墊組1172人，成人加護病房使用減壓床墊組與標準床墊組在壓力性損傷發生率無顯著差異（p=.147）。標準床墊組之壓力性損傷發生密度為8.84%（人月），減壓床墊組為3.81%（人月），使用減壓床墊相較於標準床墊之壓力性損傷發生密度之風險比（Hazards ratio）為0.41，達統計上顯著的差異（p=.005）。類實驗設計選擇二個壓力性損傷發生率較高之急性病房，壓力性損傷發生率低，二組皆未達統計上顯著差異。住院14天後是否發生壓力性損傷，只有摩擦力及剪力（p=.045）達統計上顯著差異。研究結果可作為研發預防壓力性損傷之減壓支撐面產品之參考。

關鍵字

減壓床墊 ； 壓力性損傷 ； 壓力性損傷危險因子

並列摘要

Pressure injury (PI) is a common problem for patients with acute or chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to understand the effectiveness of pressure-reducing mattresses in preventing PI. The research design was divided into two stages: secondary data analysis and quasi-experimental design. In the secondary data analysis, the standard mattress group was 1,360 people and the pressure-reducing mattress group was 1,172 people. The incidence of pressure injuries (PIs) was no statistically significant difference (p= .147) between the pressure-reducing mattress and the standard mattress in ICU settings. The PI density of the standard mattress group was 8.84% (per 100 person-months), and the pressure-reducing mattress group was 3.81% (per 100 person-months). The Hazards ratio was 0.41 in pressure-reducing mattress group compared to the standard mattress group with statistically significant difference (p= .005). In the quasi-experimental design, the result was shown the incidence of PI was low at two wards, and no statistically significant difference was between the two groups. However, only friction/shear was statistically significant difference (p= .045) on the incidence of PIs after 14 days post-admission. The results of this research can be as a reference used to develop the pressure-reducing support surface products to prevent PI.

並列關鍵字

pressure-reducing mattress ； pressure injury ； pressure injury risk factor

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