本文透過香港和上海資本市場數據資料,比較兩地作為中國金融中心之條件與現況之優劣。從金融中介功能完善程度來看,香港在各面的條件皆優於上海。香港不僅在國際化程度上吸引大批資金流入進行投資活動,同時也提供中國內地居民投資管道。上海資本市場受到政府管制、外匯限制等因素,A股市值不斷下滑,反觀香港股市,為內地企業籌集資金的金額卻不斷提升,反映出上海資本市場的問題。此外,中國內地儲蓄率偏高,資金融通依賴傳統銀行貸款,即使存款利息偏低,仍因缺乏投資管道,使得銀行存款資金過剩,無法有效將儲蓄轉化為投資。在各方條件香港均優於上海,上海欲取代香港的關鍵核心在於資本帳管制的放寬。完善資本市場,上海才有可能成為國際金融中心。
Comparing Hong Kong and Shanghai as an international financial center, we find that Hong Kong is superior to Shanghai in all aspects of the financial intermediaries functions. In examining the current situation in Shanghai's financial markets, our findings indicate that both the capital account liberalization and the finance-related institutional factors are preconditions for equity market development. We also find that the development in banking sector play an important role in forming Shanghai as an international financial center in the future.