從各國電子投票經驗看我國選務的改革方向

A Study of Election Reform in Taiwan: An Observation from e-Voting Experiences in Developed Countries

丘昌泰(Chang-Tay Chiou)

《研考雙月刊》 28卷4期 (2004/08) Pp. 25-35

https://doi.org/10.6978/YKSYK.200408.0025

摘要

近年來，電子民主受到廣泛討論，電子投票系統的出現對傳統的選舉理論與實務產生難以想像的衝擊，各國政府機關都面臨著如何設計E化投票制度，以達到普遍、平等、無記名、秘密投票之目標。本文首先闡釋電子投票的意義，開票方法及其穩定性問題。其次，從身份確認、投票格式、選票保證、投票秩序、投票方法、秘密投票、投票箱櫃、開票程序、票數統計、選票保存等比較電子投票與傳統投票之優劣點。再其次，分析美國、日本、比利時、巴西等國實施電子投票的運作經驗。最後則探討電子投票所產生的諸多問題，包括：駭客入侵、容易受制於軟體廠商、電腦作票、程式錯誤、冒用身份詐領選票、網路投票成本過高、選民投票熱烈情況消失、電腦當機等問題。本文結論中指出：我國未來選務的改革確實可以擇定部份選區進行實驗性的電子投票，特別是親自到投開票所採銀慕觸摸式的投票機器更屬可行，至於網路投票則有安全疑慮，可視為未來目標。

關鍵字

選舉研究 ； 選務行政 ； 電子投票

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to assess the feasibility of e-voting system in Taiwan from experiences in developed countries such as USA, Japan, Belgium, and Brazil. Four parts are divided in this paper Firstly, the definition, procedure, stability, and security issues of e-voting system are systematically described. Secondly, a comparative analysis of traditional versus e-voting system from several dimensions, Thirdly, cross-countries studies in e-voting experiences are analyzed. Then this paper discusses several problems that e-voting system has to cope with. The author finally recommends that Taiwan government should adopt the e-voting system, especially Direct Recording Electronic (DRE) voting machines, to conduct election reform. The security issue of website voting system is still debated, which should be treated as long-ranging goals.

並列關鍵字

election studies ； election administration ； e-voting system