果實蠅生態考查及其防治試驗

Studies on the Ecology and Control of Oriental Fruit-Fly (Dacus Ferrugineus Dorsalis Hendel)

陶家驊(Chia-Hwa Tao)

《中華農業研究》 3卷2期 (1952/06) Pp. 17-37

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.195206.0002

並列摘要

1. This experiment in studying on the oriental fruit-fly, (Dacus ferrugineus dorsalis Hendel) was carried out in 1949-1951, at Chia-yi Agricultural Experiment Station.
2. The oriental fruit-fly is one of the well-know pest of citrus fruits: and others such as wax jambo, guava etc.
3. There are 31 kinds of host plants under 9 families having been found, among which wax jambo and guava more are seriously infested.
4. It was found chiefly in the island of Formosa and other tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
5. The adults are abundant from July to September. Meanwhile they cause serious damage to citrus. but the general oranges are scarcely infested by them. From December to March of the neat year they may be found scarcely, they are injurious to guava throughout all the year.
6. This species is very prevalent in the southern Dart of Formosa, but its generations are still unknown.
7 In the countries such as Astralia. Soutn Africa. India, Philippines, Malaya Thailand and Formosa, there are 80 species of fruit flies and 208 kinds of host plants having been recoded.
8. The alternation of host plants were found under natural condition throughout the year, infested period of guava is the longest among these kinds of fruits, while that of wax jambo is only shorter than guava.
9. In the work, 95.10 per cent of adults emerged were reared from wax jambo, 84.84 per cent from strawberry guava and 82.15 per cent from guava.
10. All of fallen fruits collections were made in 1950-1951 at Chia-yi district, namely surinam cherry, guava, wax jambo, and strawberry-guava, as follows:
a) The guava fruits were collected from August to December in 1950, from April to November in 1951, but its period of collection was longer than in 1950.
b) The wax jambo fruits were collected from March to August but it was abundant from March to July in 1950, from April to September in 1951, but it was abundant at August to September.
c) The surinam cherry fruits were made from March to May in 1950-1951, but its quantities were more abundant than in 1951.
d) The straw berry guava fruits were made from October to December were more abundant than in 1950.
11. The pupation of fruit-fly was completed in various kinds of fallen fruits in 1950-1951, included fruits of surinam cherry, guava, wax jamb, strawberry-guava etc. among which the pupations of wax jambo and guava were more abundant than other ones, because tbe period of them were longest in these kinds of fruits.
12. The number of pupations in various kinds of fallen fruits were made in 1950, and summarized as follows.
The number of pupation was averaged 2.72-2.93 puparia per fruit of surianm cherry, its fruit weight was of 2.36-2.78 grams. 3.37-7.38 puparia per fruit of guava, its fruit weight was 21.56-38.79 grains. 0.75-4.31 puparia per fruit of wax jambo, its fruit weight was of 1.31-25.87 grams and 2.67-4.71 puparia per fruit of straw berry guava and its fruit weight was of 6.23-10.57 grams,
13. The infestation of fruits of red pomelo by fruit-fly was 86.81-94.12%, matou pomelo, 12.35-56.00% late white pomelo, 14.30-29.73 makin”, 53.00% in 1949-1950, at our orchard.
14. Pupal stage lasted 17.50-19.25 days during winter and 7.34-9.00 days during summer.
15. As a poisonous chemicals for the bait to attract the adult-fly, sodium fluosilicate is by far superior to lead arsenate, copper sulfate and others, The bait is such more attractive if a small quantity of guava or mango juice is added. The recommended formula is 3 grams of sudium fluosilicate, 91 grams of molasses, 900 cc. of water, 10 cc. of fruit juice.