抗生物質Polyoxin B對Pyricularia oryzae及Alternaria spp.菌絲與胞子之抑制作用

Studies on the Action of Polyoxin B (Antifungal Antibiotic) on the Mycelial Growth and Spore Germination of Pyricularia oryzae and Alternaria Spp.

周廷光(Tyng-Guang Chou) ； 簡錦忠(Chin-Chung Chien)

《中華農業研究》 21卷1期 (1972/03) Pp. 47-54

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.197203.0007

摘要

Polyoxin B在200ppm以上濃度，可抑制水稻稻熱病菌菌絲之生長，20ppm以上則可抑制胞子之發芽。在15~60ppm範圍內，對Alternaria屬菌之胞子發芽及菌絲生長都不具有抑制之作用；惟不論在任何供試濃度下，對於稻熱病菌及Alternaria屬菌胞子之發芽管皆能引起球狀膨大之變異現象。
在比較試驗之藥劑中，Kasumin對稻熱病菌菌絲生長之抑制情形與Polyoxm B相同，而對胞子發芽之抑制卻無多大作用；對於胞子發芽管亦不引起變異現象。其他如PMA, Granosan M在供試濃度下完全抑制供試菌之胞子發芽及菌絲生長；Arasan則可抑制胞子之發芽，但對菌絲之生長抑制，則因試驗之方法有所差異。而Suzu, Mertect及F1911則在供試濃度下（500, 1,000,2,000ppm-按成品稀釋），對胞子發芽及菌絲生長則均無顯著之抑制作用。
由上述室內藥效檢定結果，吾人可推知Polyoxm對胞子發芽能引起發芽管呈球狀膨大之變異現象，以致對菌之侵入有顯著之阻礙作用，因之，預防的功效要比治療效果爲佳。

並列摘要

The mycelial growth and spore germination of Pyricularia oryzae was inhibited by Polyoxin B at concentrations 200ppm and 20ppm, respectively. However, they were not inhibited at concentrations at 15-60ppm while Alternaria spp. were tested. The pronounced morphorlogical effect on spore germination of P. oryzae and Alternaria spp. at tested concentrations was the formation of a bulbous germ tuba. It was proposed that the formation of a bulbous germ tube was inhibited to penetrate the host plant to achieve the protective effect against the disease development.
Among the other comparative tested chemicals, the inhibition of Kasumin on mycelial growth of P. oryzae was similar with Polyoxin B, while it was no inhibition on spore germination. PMA end Granosan M completely inhibited the spore germination and mycelial growth at tested concentration3 of tested fungi. Arasan inhibited the spore germination and the inhibition of mycelial growth was changed depend on different methods tested. Suzu, Mertect and F1991 did not inhibit the mycelial growth and spore germination at concentrations on tested fungi.