小型水稻聯合收穫機之研究

Experiment on Thresher for Rice Combine

鄔清標(C. P. Wu) ； 黃光華(K. H. Huang) ； 張篤恭(T. C. Chang)

《中華農業研究》 22卷1期 (1973/03) Pp. 63-76

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.197303.0008

摘要

本試驗之目的在試製上脫式聯合收穫機用脫穀機，以期簡化脫穀選別機構，增加脫穀容量，及可適於有露水時之收穫作業。本年度之試驗範圍爲選擇較適當之脫谷筒形狀，及檢討脫穀筒回轉速度，稻束供應速度及供應量對脫穀筒脫穀性能之影響。
脫穀筒之形狀經試驗結果，就減少斷穗及未脫粒之目的言：
1．V型齒優於U形齒。
2．齒釘所用鋼絲，粗徑者(0.45 cm ф)優於細徑者(0.35 cm ф)。
3．密齒距(6cm)未能優於疏齒距(9cm)。
4．爲再謀求更降低斷穗及稻秣量，應再研究V形齒頂端之彎角弧度對脫穀性能之影響。稻束供應速度對脫穀性能之影響所得結果：
1．稻束之供應厚度太厚時，稻秣量及未脫粒損失均增加，稻束重在1.5Kg/75cm和2Kg/75cm之間尤有顯著差異。
2．稻束之橫送速度對稻秣量及未脫粒損失之產生在44cm/sec.以下之範圍內，似未有顯著影響。
3．爲增加脫穀機之脫穀容量，脫穀筒之回轉速度及稻束橫送速度在50cm/sec.以上時，對脫穀性能之影響需要再繼續研究。

並列摘要

The purpose of this experiment is to develope the upper threshing type thresher for rice combine in order to simplify the separation system and to increase the capacity for threshing as well as to be operated suitably in morning dew.
The range of this experiment during the current fiscal year is to select a suitable pattern of threshing teeth on the drum, to judge the drum speed, feeding speed and the in mutual affection between the feeding quantity and the threshing ability of the drum.
After several times of experiments, for the purposes of decreasing the broken panicles and the impurities, as well as the grain loss of the threshed rice bundles, the result of the patterns of the threshing teeth on the drum are specified as follows:
1. The V-type threshing teeth are better than the U-type teeth.
2. The threshing wire teeth with a diameter of 45 m/m are better than those with a diameter of 35 m/m.
3. The drums with row distance of 6cm of the threshing wire teeth aren’t better than those with 9cm row distance.
4. For further effort to decrease the broken panicles and the impurities, the top angle of the V-type threshing teeth should he examined.
The results of the mutual affection between follows feeding speed and the threshing ability are specified as exame.
1. The thickness or density of the feeding rice bundles is a factor for the quantity of impurities and the grain loss, that is to say, if the thickness or density of the rice bundles is increased, the quantity of impurities or grain loss will be also increased. When the bundles are reached from 1.5kg/75cm to 2kg/75cm, the affection will be remarkable.
2. The affection of the quantity of impurities and the grain loss in threshed rice bundles will be less remarkable if the feeding speed is less than 45cm/sec.
3. For the sake of increasing the threshing capacity of the thresher. while that the affection to the threshing ability of the drum speed and the feeding speed are over 50 cm/sec should be studied in the future.