可可椰子淡圓介穀蟲天敵調查及紅胸葉蟲藥劑防治試驗

Natural Enemies of Transparent Scale and Control of Leaf Bud Beetle Attacking Coconut Palm in Taiwan

吳國家(Kuo-Chia Wu) ； 陶家駒(Charles Chia-Chu Tao)

《中華農業研究》 25卷2期 (1976/06) Pp. 141-155

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.197606.0006

摘要

淡圓介殼蟲Aspidiotus destructor Signoret天敵有黃小蜂Aphytis chry somphali (Mercet)，粉白小黑瓢蟲Telsimia nitida Chapin，四星小黑瓢蟲，Pharoscymnus taoi Sasaji，黃胸小黑菌蟲Cybocephalus gibbulus Erichson等四種，均有剋制作用，在植物相複雜區之可可椰子，可以控制淡圓介殼蟲至不成災程度；但在植物相單純區內之可可椰子，在春季淡圓介殼蟲密度增高時，須撒布大滅松一次，抑制其爲害程度，紅胸葉蟲Brontispa longissima (Gestro)爲我國新記錄害蟲，現僅分布於屏東佳冬及其鄰近三鄉，爲害可可椰子心葉已達四千餘株，亟待根除，以絕後患。藥劑防治可用0.1%加保利carbaryl加用0.5%夏油，對準將展未展之新葉撒布之，有90%防治效果。

並列摘要

Four species of the effective natural enemies of transparent scale, Aspidiotus destr uctor Signoret (Homoptera: Coccidae) are reported in this paper as Aphytis chrysomphali (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Telsimia nitida Chapin, Pharoscymmus taoi Sasaji (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Cybocephalus gibbulus Erichson (Coleoptera: Cybocephalidae). They are very active in suppressing the population of the scale especially in rich flora area. And thus, almost no chemical control is needed. In case, insecticides might be necessary for use to suppress its spring population in some poor flora areas.
The leaf bud beetle (Brontispa longissima (Gestro) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a new pest of coconut palms in Taiwan according to our investigation. The results of our survey, about 4,000 coconut palms in Chiatung and its 3 adjacent counties, Pingtung Hsien, have already been attacked by the beetles. Almost the attached trees became vigo- urless. Consequently, it is suggested that an eradicating program is needed for preventing the bettles spread out. On the other hand, the application of 0.1% carbryl plus 0.5% summer oil into the ready or newly openning leaf bud are also necessary for the emergency control.