臺灣北部山間多濕低溫地區稻品種之適應性及種植密度試驗

Rice Yield Trial in the High Latitudes Areas of Northern Taiwan

邱善美(S. M. Chiu) ； 許東暉(T. H. Hsu) ； 漆匡時(K. S. Chi)

《中華農業研究》 27卷1期 (1978/03) Pp. 28-36

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.197803.0003

摘要

本試驗係使用10~16個水稻品種在本省北部（基隆、平溪、大溪及巴陵）四個山間多濕低溫地區從事不同來原品種之適應性試驗，期能覓求最適於該等地區株型的水稻品種。同時，也作種植密度試驗，以探討密植對增產的可行性。茲將在各處試驗結果陳述如下：
基隆崁腳一帶的單期作田對早晚熟品種的結實率影響甚微，但每穗粒數較少，稻穀產量晚熟品種優於早熟品種。第二期作（試驗地設七堵）早熟稻較晚熟稻收量多。
平溪地區，供試品種間結實率差異大，但一期作優於二期作。病蟲害較其他三試驗處所都猖狂，尤以稻熱病爲然。稻穀產量以臺南5號最高，其次臺中122號及Todorokiwase.
大溪地區，在一期作有利的環境下，晚熟品種之產量優於早熟品種，二期作則以早熟品種Todorokiwase的產量冠於其他供試品種。
巴陵地區，不論其爲一期作或二期作稻穀產量概以早熟稻優於晚熟稻。
密植處理對稻穀產量之效應，由變方分析結果，發現其差異未達顯著性程度。但實際上有些品種是可經由密植提高若干產量的。

並列摘要

The 10 to 16 cultivars, including early maturing varieties introduced from Japan and breeding lines developed from experimental stations, planted at four locations with high humidity and low temperature for varietal adaptability test. Out of the cultivars, five varieties were used for spicing test, in order to see the possibility of increasing rice grain yield.
The experimenta1 results show that only Hsinchu Yu 434 obtained more than 4 tons on the average, followed by Taichung 122, Hsinchu 56, Todorokiwase, Tainan 5, R-63, Taichung 155, Tainung 61 nd Kaohsiung Selection 1. Tokyo 1 had the lowest yield in this experiment. Based on the result of each location, Hsinchu Yu 434, New Huang Chung and Todorokiwase at Kanchiao; Tainan 5, New Huang Chung, Tainung 61, and Todorokiwase at Pingsee; Tainan 5, Kaohsiung 139, Hsinchu Yu 434, Taichung 155 at Tarsee; and Todorokiwase, Yoneshiro, Fujimeroni, Taichung 122 at Barlin produced better yield than the others.
The varietal responses to different spacing, based on the grain yield, differ due to the locations and crop seasons. At Kanchiao, dense spacing outyield 16.4%, 9.0% and 7.8% of the conventional spacing for Yoneshiro, Nung Su 1 and Todorokiwase, respectively. At Tarsee, the yield increase due to the dense spacing was more significant for the first crop than that of the second crop. At Chido, the alternative location at the second crop for Kanchiao, the dense spacing increase 42. 2% and 27.8% for R-63 and Taichung 122, respectively. On the other hand the dense spacing for Taichung 122 at the first crop of Kanchiao, Yoneshiro at the second crop of Chido, and Taichung 122 at the first crop of Kanchiao, Yoneshiro at second crop of Chido and Yoneshiro at first crop of Pingsee decrese 5.2%, 7.5% and 1.7% respectively of the grain yield, comparison with the conventional spacing.