馬鈴薯桃蚜(Myzus persicae)之生態觀察及其防治試驗

Studies on the Ecology and Control of Myzus persicae on Potato

廖惠堂(Huey-Tarng Liao) ； 吳國家(Kuo-Chia Wu) ； 邱瑞珍(Shui-Chen Chiu)

《中華農業研究》 28卷4期 (1979/12) Pp. 279-284

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.197912.0007

摘要

桃蚜(Myzus persicae)乃傳播馬鈴薯毒素病之主要媒介昆蟲，但其發生受溫度和雨量之影響甚鉅；平均21~26℃之氣溫最適於桃蚜之繁殖，而雨量則爲限制其發生之有力因子，本省中部地區5至8月間多雨，桃蚜族韋降低，10月以後至翌年3、4月間眺蚜族羣漸增，且爲其有翅成蟲之活躍盛期。
本試驗在馬鈴薯田以5% Croneton (Ethiofencarp) G，3% Furadan (Carbofuran) G，5% Geofos (Nem-A-Tak) G及10% Temik (Aldicarb) G等防治桃蚜，四種藥劑之防治效果均與對照組差異顯著，藥劑間差異雖不顯著，但施用Temik區之馬鈴薯產量最高。另在室內以香蕉用撒布油(Banana Spray Oil Esso)，友村796 (Orchex 796)及夏油(Summer Oil) 2%乳劑等分別噴於馬鈴薯葉面進行桃蚜PVY接種試驗，初步結果顯示施用油劑可以阻止桃蚜之傳播PVY。

並列摘要

Seasonal fluctuation of alate green peach aphid, Myzus persicac (Sulz.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) was investigated weekly by a Moericke trap from November 1977 to January 1978 at Tanan, Hsinshe, Taichung, and from March 1978 to April 1979 at Wufeng, Taichung, respectively. The population of alate Myzus persicae began to increase around mid-October and reached its peak on mid-December, and then declined in late December and maintained at rather low level from mid-April to mid-October. Apparently, the population of winged M. persicae was high during the whole potato crop season from November to March.
Four granular insecticides, 5% Croneton (Ethiofencarp) G, 3% Furadan (Carbofuran) G, 5% Geofos (Nem-A-Tak) G and 10% Temik (Aldicarb) G were used for the control of M. persicae on potatoes. 10% Temik was applied to the soil at the planting time and the other three insecticides were applied to the soil at the planting time and 8 weeks after planting. In all insecticide treatments aphid control was effective compared to untreated checks but there was no significant difference among 4 treatments.
In laboratory studies with potted plants oil emulsion sprays of 2% Banana Spray Oil Esso, 2% Orchex 796, and 2% Summer Oil prevented transmission of virus PVY by M. persicae.