檬果木蝨週年發生消長調查及其防治試驗

Seasonal Occurrence of Mango Psyllid and the Experiments of Control

李錫山(Hsi-Shan Lee) ； 溫宏治(Hung-Chich Wen)

《中華農業研究》 29卷3期 (1980/09) Pp. 219-224

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198009.0005

摘要

檬果木（凡虫虫）Microceropsylla nigra (Crawford)，嚴重爲害檬果新葉，其發生消長與檬果新稍的生長有密切關係。每年有兩次高峰。第一次在5-7月，第二次在10至翌年1月。尤以7月最高。木（凡虫虫）產卵在幼葉，嵌埋入葉中，損傷葉之組織。葉之兩面均有卵，但較喜產於葉背。卵之密度隨木（凡虫虫）若蟲消長之起伏而有兩次高峰，但以11月最多，2及4月最少。
藥劑防治經選出Anthio最優，Lannate次之。在木（凡虫虫）產卵最多時如11月，每10天噴藥一次，連續噴4次，便可得優異之防治效果。

並列摘要

The mango psyllid, Microceropsylla nigra (Crawford), is one of the most important pests of mango in Taiwan. The nymphs damage the new leaves by sucking the sap of the leaves and exuding whitish sticky droplets on the surface of leaves, where sooty moulds develop in the moist weather.
The occurrence of mango psyllids can be found almost the year round in the south part of Taiwan except spring. There are two peaks of percent damage as showed in the Fig. 1. The first peak is from May to July and the second is from October to next January. Since the psyllids damage on the new leaves only, so their occurrence is related to the temperature and conditions of vigor of the mango tree. There are seldom psyllids found in the months from February to April, while the mangoes are in blooming and fruit setting. So the new leaves come out rarely.
Eggs of psyllids are laid on the both sides of new leaves, but more eggs on under surface of leaves than the upper surface according to the Fig. 2. The density of eggs laid on the new leaves of mango is the highest in November. The number of eggs on 10cm2 of upper surface of leaf are 90 while 177 are on the under surface of leaf.
For the control of mango psyllids, insecticides were evaluated in two patches of mango fields. There were three trees in one plot with four replications in randomized complete block design. Insecticides were applied four times at 10-day intervals. Anthio was found to be the best in controlling the psyilids and Lannate the second. Tamaron also displayed very good results in comparison with the other insecticides as showed in the Table 1. However, insectides must be applied properly during the period when the new shoots of mango come out prosperously.