殺蟎劑對二點葉蟎Tetranychus urticae Koch及加州捕植蟎Amblyseius californicus (McGregor)之選擇性

Selectivity of Acaricides to Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch and the Predatory Mite, Amblyseius californicus (McGregor)

吳子淦(Tze-Kann Wu) ； 林香如(Shiang-Ru Lin) ； 羅幹成(Kang-Chen Lo)

《中華農業研究》 34卷4期 (1985/12) Pp. 469-476

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198512.0011

摘要

殺蟎劑對二點葉蟎(Tetranychus urticae (Koch))，加州捕植蟎(Amblyseius californicus (McGregor))的毒陸依藥劑種類不同而有差異。合成除蟲菊類(synthetic pyrethroids)，有機磷劑(organophosphates)及氨基甲酸監類(carbamates)藥劑對這二種蝸類有較高的選擇性比值(selective ratio)。其餘類型殺蟎劑對捕植蟎、葉蟎毒性接近。Bromopropylate, binapacryl, dinobuton, propargite, oxythioquinox, smite及azocyclotin七種藥劑對葉蟎、捕植蟎之LC50。選擇比更小於1，是綜合防治時可考慮使用的殺蟎劑。
Formetanate, dinobuton是本文內所用殺蟎劑中對二點葉蟎最有效之藥劑。以formetanate, dinobuton之LC50濃度分別各經15、16次篩選，結果和原始濃度相比，二點葉蟎對formetanate產生11.8倍，對dinobuton產生2.5倍的抗藥性。二點葉蟎對formetanate具有快速產生抗藥性的能力，因此，該藥劑在田間長期使用時需注意可能發生之抗性問題。
Azocyclotin的化學結構類似cyclohexatin，尚未在田間正式使用。二點葉蟎對azocyclotin已經有了3.5倍的抗性，可能是對cyclohexatin的交互抗性所致。

並列摘要

The responses of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) and their predator, Amblyseius californicus (McGregor) to acaricides tested were different. The selective ratio between the spider mite and predatory mite was depended on the chemical structure of acaricides. Generally, synthetic pyrethroids, organophosphates and carbamates are more toxic to the predatory mite than to two-spotted spider mite, and resulted high selective ratios. Other groups of acaricides stated safer to the predatory mite, usually, the LC5, selective ratios were less than 4.
Six acaricides i. e. bromopropylate, binapacryl, dinobuton, propargite, oxythioquinox and smite showed effective control to the two-spotted spider mite, and less harmful to the predatory mite, the LC,0 selective ratio were less than 1. These acaricides can be used as agents for the integrated control of mite pests.
Formetanate and dinobuton are the two most effective acaricides that we used in this treatment for the two-spotted spider mite control. While after 15 and 16 generation of selections, two-spotted spider mite developed 11.8 and 2.5 folds of resistance to f or- metanate and dinobuton, respectively. Two-spotted spider mite showed ability in rapidly developing resistance to formetanate, so this acaricide should be carefully used in the field.
The chemical structure of azocyclotin is similar to cyhexatin. Field two-spotted spider mite have showed 3.5 folds of resistance to the former, although azocyclotin has not been used in Taiwan before. The insensitivity may due to the cross-resistance from cyhexatin, since azocyclotin and cyhexatin are very similar in their chemical structure.