Effective Control of Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), on Green Onion by the Ovicidal Action of Bifenthrin

畢芬寧(Bifenthrin)對甜菜夜蛾之殺卵效應及其葱田應用技術

鄭允(E. Y. Cheng) ； 呂文通(W. T. Lu) ； 林文庚(W. G. Lin) ； 林端方(D. F. Lin) ； 蔡湯瓊(T. C. Tsai)

《中華農業研究》 37卷3期 (1988/09) Pp. 320-327

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198809.0011

摘要

數年來本省青葱受甜菜夜蛾，Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)，嚴重爲害。甜菜夜蛾之卵塊產於葱管上，幼蟲孵出後立刻咬破表皮僭入葱管內取食，以致化學藥劑或天敵均難有效防治。本試驗共七處理，分別爲：不施藥之對照區；畢芬寧84ppm及42ppm；克福隆25ppm；護賽寧33ppm；賽滅松與拜裕松之混合劑；歐殺松與馬拉松之混合劑；及硫賜安與二氯松之混合劑。測試結果發現，高劑量之畢芬寧處理，葱管受害率僅0.6%，每叢青葱平均甜菜夜蛾幼蟲之密度低於0.4隻，產量較對照區高出140%以上。即使是低劑量之畢芬寧處理，葱管受害率也低於5%，其產量亦較對照區高出84%。其他處理中，僅克福隆以及賽滅松與拜裕松之混合劑處理有較佳之表現。但克福隆處理之葱管受害率可達9%以上，而賽滅松與拜裕松之混合劑均爲劇毒農藥，其葱管受害率亦超過10%以上，兩者之產量均較畢芬寧處理低。爲明瞭畢芬寧對甜菜夜蛾之防治原理，再進行室內殺蟲及殺卵比較試驗，結果發現，畢芬寧對甜菜夜蛾幼蟲之毒效超過百減寧3~4倍，超過芬化利達30倍。此外浸漬處理28~84ppm之畢芬寧對甜菜夜蛾1日～2日齡之卵塊有100%殺除效果；對3日齡之卵塊亦有30~50%之殺除效果，而且孵化之幼蟲也立即全部死亡，供測試殺卵效應的其他殺蟲劑，如芬化利、百滅寧與克福隆，均無明顯的殺卵及殺蟲效果。

並列摘要

The most serious insect pest of green onion in Taiwan is the beet armyworm (BAW), Spodoptera exigua (Hübner). For several years, using synthetic sex pheromone to mass trap the male BAW moths was the only official recommendation method for BAW control, however, sex pheromone alone cannot stand as an effective control measure when the BAW flourishing in late spring through late autumn, and the need of an effective control agent is thus urgent. Bifenthrin, a newly developed synthetic pyrethroid has been proven with strong ovicidal and insecticidal actions against BAW in both laboratory and field tests. Satisfactory control of BAW in green onion field was well demonstrated. At 42-34 ppm in field spray strength, 95.2-99.4% control of BAW infestation was accomplished and the increase in yield against the check plot is 84.1-140.9%. Good correlation between damage rating and final yield was established (R=0.9446), and Y=4.32X^(-0.33) is the best-fit model. Two synthetic pyrethroids, permethrin and fenvalerate, as well as a newly introduced insect growth regulator (IGR), chlorfluazuron, were used for comparison. Neither ovicidal nor significant lethal action on larvae was ever found on BAW for these insecticides.