臺灣本地種桃樹的低溫需求評估

Chilling Requirements of Local Peach Trees in Taiwan

歐錫坤(S. K. Ou)

《中華農業研究》 41卷3期 (1992/09) Pp. 251-260

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.199209.0004

摘要

本地種桃樹與新選雜交後代低溫需求量的評估方法，是比較「關鍵」栽培種(key cultivars)與待評估品種間的花期早晚。由此法得知本地種’鶯歌桃’低溫需求量為125個低溫單位(chill unit, CU)，’苦桃’為150CU，’雞慶桃’為175CU。而4個新選雜交後代為125CU至190CU之間。
本試驗採用並比較三種不同模式，來評估臺灣地區12年來冬天的實測低溫結果：(1)低於12.9℃的累計小時數有406小時；(2)依低需冷性油桃模式(low-chill nectarine model)計算有359CU；(3)依高需冷性桃的猶他模式(Utah model)計算，則有-l,436CU。若以關鍵栽培種'Folrdagold' (325CU)的花期表現來驗證此一評估結果，即可發現臺灣中部冬天的低溫供給量為360CU是相當合理的。

關鍵字

桃 ； 關鍵栽培種 ； 低溫需求 ； 低溫小時 ； 低溫單位

並列摘要

Chilling requirements of local cultivars and new selections were determined by comparing blooming dates with ”key” cultivars. The chilling requirements estimated in terms of chilling unit (CU) were 125, 150 and 175 for local cultivars 'Ing-ge taur', 'Kuu taur' and 'Ji-ching taur' respectively. Four new selections required 125 CU to 190 CU to break the dormancy.
Three models were used and compared to evaluate the accumulated CU in Taichung area for 12 years in this study:1) accumulation of 406 hours below 12.9℃; 2) accumulation of 359 CU according to the low-chill nectarine model; and 3) accumulation of -1,436 CU according to the high-chill peach model (Utah model). Comparing these CU values with blooming date of key cultivar-'Flordagold' (325 CU), it was very reasonable to estimate 360 CU for Taichung area during the winter.

並列關鍵字

Prunus persica ； key cultivars ； chilling requirement ； chilling hours ； chill unit CU