人工模擬酸霧對三種冬季葉菜之傷害

Damage on Three Leafy Vegetables in Winter by Simulated Acidic Fog

姚銘輝(Ming-Hwi Yao) ； 漆匡時(Kung-Shy Chi) ； 蔡金川(Jin-Chuan Tsai) ； 梁連勝(Lien-Sheng Liang)

《中華農業研究》 44卷1期 (1995/03) Pp. 72-80

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.199503.0008

摘要

本試驗目的主要是探討酸霧對田間種植三種冬季蔬菜（茼蒿、芥藍、菠菜）的葉片構造傷害及其生理機能障礙的影響。處理之pH值為16,2.6,3.6,4.6及5.6（對照組）等五種，播種後28天關始噴灑酸霧，經三週處理，每週噴灑0.3公運霧量三次，整個生育期共9次處理”酸霧對三種蔬菜之傷害主要在葉片，受害最嚴重為pH1.6處理，而pH3.6酸度以上則無傷害。芥藍之葉面積以pH1.6降低最多，但仍較同一酸度其他二種蔬菜的損失少20%。菠菜和茼蒿在高酸度時。由於表層臘質分解使上表皮氣孔導度增高及葉片水份含量減少。滴定均質葉片所測定緩衝能力的結果，以芥藍緩衝能力最強。至於其他測定包括植株高度、莖部乾物重及下表皮氣孔導度並無明顯差異。

關鍵字

酸霧 ； 緩衝能力 ； 上表皮氣孔導度 ； 下表皮氣孔導度

並列摘要

The primary objectives were to determine the acidic fog stress cause alternation in the vegetables growth. physiological and foliar injury responses. Field plots of garland chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.). Kale (Brassica oleracea L.) and spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) were exposed to three 0.3mm simulated fog episodes per week at specific acidities from pH 1.6, 2.6, 3.6, 4.6 and 5.6 treatments. For all three vegetables, foliar injury was assessed to determine damage response levels, The most severe injury occurred near pH 1.6, and no injury was observed above appoximately pH 3.6, Decrease of leaf area of kale was also most severe at pH 1.6 but was appoximately 20% less severe than those of spinach and garland chrysanthemum at this acidity. In spinach and garland chrysanthemum, highly acidic fog enhanced upper edidermis stomatal conductance and depressed relative water content via the disintegrated of the epicuticular wax layer. Homogenates of leaves were titrated and buffer capacities were determined as a function of pH, kale, as the most alkaline leaf. There were no detectable effects of acidity on plant height. stem dry weight and lower adidermis stomatal conductance.

並列關鍵字

Acidic fog ； Buffering capacity ； Upper edidermis stomatal conductance ； Lower edidermis stomatal conductance