荔枝園營養調查與營養診斷研究

Nutrition Studies on Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Orchards in Central Taiwan

黃維廷(Wei-Tin Huang) ； 黃裕銘(Yuh-Ming Huang) ； 向為民(Wei-Min Hsiang) ； 張明暉(Ming-Hui Chang) ； 林木連(Mu-Lien Lin) ； 王鐘和(Chong-Ho Wang) ； 吳婉麗(Woan-Lih Wu)

《中華農業研究》 47卷4期 (1997/12) Pp. 388-407

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.199712.0014

摘要

The aims of this study were to establish the mehtod and the reference of nutrient diagnosis as guides for fertilization improvement in lychee orchards. Thirty farms located in central Taiwan were selected to survey the changes of nutrient contents of leaves and yields of cvs Haak Yip and No May Tsz, and of soil fertility during the growing season in 1997. Some nutrients’ contents of leaves were significantly related to each other. Data revealed that the fruit yield of cv. Hank Yip was described well by nitrogen content in a quadratic relation and with the highest yield at 1.71% of nitrogen. Results also showed that the nitrogen content for most farms were higher than this value. According to the relationship the fruit yield will be guaranteed above 90% to maximum yield as nitrogen content of leaves remained at the range of 1.5% to 1.9% at anthesis stage. The fruit yield was related to contents of P, Mg, Ca, and B by first order at highly significant level, with correlation coefficients (r) at 0.498, 0.561, 0.444, and 0.543, respectively, for 52 observations. As the fruit yield 60 kg/tree expected, the nutrient content of P, Mg, Ca, and B should rise to 0.09%, 0.30%, 0.90%, and 25 mgkg^(-1), respectively, by fertilizers applied. Most characters of soil fertility were low for soils determined, more than 85% of soil pH of surface soil samples was very strongly acid (pH＜5.0), and exchangeable contents of Ca and Mg were lower than 500 mgkg^(-1) and 50 mgkg^(-1), respectively. The anthesis stage is the best period to sample matured leaves at the section followed the flowering section. The suggested criteria of nutrients of leaves at anthesis stage for Haak Yip are N, 1.60-1.90%; P,0.l2-0.27%; Ca,0.60-l.00%; Mg,0.30-0.50%; Fe,50-l00 mgkg^(-1); Mn,100-250 mgkg^(-1); Cu,10-25 mgkg^(-1); Zn,15-30 mgkg^(-1); and B,25-60 mgkg^(-1).

關鍵字

荔枝 ； 花期 ； 採樣方法 ； 葉片養分標準 ； 營養診斷

並列摘要

The aims of this study were to establish the mehtod and the reference of nutrient diagnosis as guides for fertilization improvement in lychee orchards. Thirty farms located in central Taiwan were selected to survey the changes of nutrient contents of leaves and yields of cvs Haak Yip and No May Tsz, and of soil fertility during the growing season in 1997. Some nutrients’ contents of leaves were significantly related to each other. Data revealed that the fruit yield of cv. Hank Yip was described well by nitrogen content in a quadratic relation and with the highest yield at 1.71% of nitrogen. Results also showed that the nitrogen content for most farms were higher than this value. According to the relationship the fruit yield will be guaranteed above 90% to maximum yield as nitrogen content of leaves remained at the range of 1.5% to 1.9% at anthesis stage. The fruit yield was related to contents of P, Mg, Ca, and B by first order at highly significant level, with correlation coefficients (r) at 0.498, 0.561, 0.444, and 0.543, respectively, for 52 observations. As the fruit yield 60 kg/tree expected, the nutrient content of P, Mg, Ca, and B should rise to 0.09%, 0.30%, 0.90%, and 25 mgkg^(-1), respectively, by fertilizers applied. Most characters of soil fertility were low for soils determined, more than 85% of soil pH of surface soil samples was very strongly acid (pH＜5.0), and exchangeable contents of Ca and Mg were lower than 500 mgkg^(-1) and 50 mgkg^(-1), respectively. The anthesis stage is the best period to sample matured leaves at the section followed the flowering section. The suggested criteria of nutrients of leaves at anthesis stage for Haak Yip are N, 1.60-1.90%; P,0.l2-0.27%; Ca,0.60-l.00%; Mg,0.30-0.50%; Fe,50-l00 mgkg^(-1); Mn,100-250 mgkg^(-1); Cu,10-25 mgkg^(-1); Zn,15-30 mgkg^(-1); and B,25-60 mgkg^(-1).

並列關鍵字

Lychee ； Anthesis ； Sampling method ； Leaf nutrients standard ； Nutrient diagnosis