台灣鳳梨農場技術效率之研究

A Study on the Technical Efficiency of Pineapple Farms in Taiwan

陳唐平(Tarng-Ping Chen) ； 楊世華(Shi-Hua Yang) ； 潘德芳(Te-Fang Pan)

《中華農業研究》 50卷3期 (2001/09) Pp. 88-97

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200109.0009

摘要

鳳梨栽植品種及其生產投入數量對於技術效率具影響效果。本文乃根據種植開英種、台農6號、11號、13號、16號、17號及其他品種等台彎主要鮮食鳳梨品種之樣本農戶建立鳳梨邊界生產函數並探討影響技術效率之因子。依研究分析結果發現：鳳梨生產邊界函數適用Cobb-Douglas函數形式，就生產彈性而言，依其估計結果，以勞動投入的0.5876最大，變動成本投入的0.2744次之，而土地面積的0.1641最小；規模報酬大於1，顯示鳳梨農場具備規模遞增的特性；而效率的組合誤差同時受非人力及人為管理因素的影響。個別鳳梨農場技術無效率值介於1.59%~65.13%之間，顯示尚有很大的提升空間。根據技術效率影響因子的測定結果，變動成本及固定成本投入量、經營主栽植鳳梨的經驗年數、鳳梨種植面積佔總農場面積的百分比、台農6號、台農11號、台農13號及其他種鳳梨種植面積佔總鳳梨種植面積的百分比對效率提升有正面助益。因此，農場主對於人為管理因素應不斷加強，可朝增加變動與固定成本投入、提高勞動素質及慎選品種等方面著手。

關鍵字

鳳梨 ； 技術效率 ； 隨機性生產邊界 ； Cobb-Douglas函數

並列摘要

The varieties and input factors might have influences on the levels of technical efficiency in pineapple production. This paper attempts to estimate the levels of technical efficiency of pineapple farms and find factors which have significant effects on the management of pineapples.
The paper used Cobb-Douglas production function to build stochastic production frontier for a critical indicator to evaluate the farms efficiency level. Eighty-three pineapple farms were selected as sample. Results showed that labour was the most important factor in pineapple production following by capital and land. The technical inefficiency of farms was between 1.59% and 65.13%, which suggested pineapple production still has space for improvement. Besides, capital, area, and varieties (such as Tainung No.6, Tainung No.11, Tainung No.13 and others) might significantly enhance the technical efficiency in pineapple production. Hence, increasing investment, raising labour quality, and adopting right variety may enhance the technical efficiency in pineapple production.

並列關鍵字

Pineapples ； Technical Efficiency ； Stochastic Production Frontier ； Cobb-Douglas Function