應用多型性分子標誌進行番椒屬(Capsicum)種原種內與種間遺傳歧異度之分析

Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Capsicum spp. (pepper) Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis

范明仁(Ming-Jen Fan) ； 王昭月(Jau-Yueh Wang) ； 羅舜芳(Shuen-Fang Lo) ； 許庭榮(Ting Rong Shu) ； L. M. Engle

《中華農業研究》 50卷4期 (2001/12) Pp. 29-42

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200112.0004

摘要

國家作物種原中心所保存的番椒屬(Capsicum spp.)主要包括C. annuum、C. baccatum、C. chinense、C. frutescens、C. pubescens、C. chacoense、C. praetermissum及C. eximium等八個“種”（物種），由此八個“種”中選取94個品系，以RAPD分子標誌方法，進行“種”的鑑別及“種”間遺傳距離之探討。結果由580組逢機引子中篩選得17個引子具“種”間多型性，且再現性穩定；由RAPD產物中亦篩選得393個有效的特定片段，其中196條可用以區別上述八個“種”。有效條帶佔總條帶數之50%，將17個引子電泳結果合併進行以Nei和Li(1979)所提之相似性係數為計算基礎的UPGMA(Unweighted pair-group mean arithimetic)集群分析(Cluster analysis)，結果94個品系明顯依“種”別而呈現出集群趨勢；其中以C. eximium之“種”內最小距離(Mini Distance; MD)最小(0.2783)，而以C. annuum之“種”內最小距離(Mini Distance; MD)之值最大則為0.6009，以RAPD分群結果與以型態分類所得之“種”的分群關係及、“種間”遺傳距離的遠近相符。再另以94個品系依據“種”為基礎分成八個群，利用其多型性條帶於“種”間之出現頻度為資料檔，進行折疊集群法(Hierarchical clustering)中之平均連結法(Average linkage)之集群分析，其結果亦呈現出上述以94個品系進行集群分析之結果相似；種間最小距離為C. frutescens與C. chinense之0.747；而C. annuum與C. frutescens、C. chinense之距離為0.812，均大於種內之距離。因此，綜合試驗結果顯示，利用分子層次之RAPD分子標誌所進行的集群分析結果，可與以植物性狀為基礎所分類之“種”吻合；此結果亦可為番椒品系間親緣遠近遺傳之評估及育種親本選擇之參考。

關鍵字

番椒 ； 逢機增殖多型性DNA ； 集群分析 ； 遺傳歧異度

並列摘要

Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is one of the most important economical vegetables of Solanaceae family. The genus of Capsicum collected in Taiwan mainly includes 8 species. There are C. annuum, C. baccatum, C. chinense, C. frutescens, C. pubescens, C. chaccoense, C. praetermissum and C. eximium. In order to identify and analyze the inter-specific and intra-specific genetic distance, a total of 94 lines representing these 8 species were selected for the study. From 580 random primers, 17 polymorphic primers were selected due to stable reproducibility of polymorphic bands. Three hundred and ninety-three effective polymorphic bands were obtained through RAPD analysis, and among them 196 bands could be used for species identification. The Cluster analysis based on Nei and Li's similarity coefficient from these 17 primers was calculated by the UPGMA method. The results showed that C, eximium has the smallest mini distance (MD) (0.2783) and C. annuum has the largest mini distance (0.6009) within Capsicum species. The genetic distance between species was also obtained from aforementioned results. The result of Cluster analysis from RAPD molecular marker is accordant with that based on horticultural characters. The cluster analysis of the 8 species (groups) was based on the frequencies of polymorphic bands appeared in the same ”species”, and calculated by the average linkage of hierarchical clustering. The result of cluster analysis of 8 groups is also similar to aforementioned results of 94 lines. In brief, the results indicate that RAPD markers are useful in estimating the genetic distances of the species between Capsicum, and can be used as the references for germplasm collection and breeding programs.

並列關鍵字

Capsicum spp. ； RAPD ； Cluster analysis ； Core collection