荔枝育種－親本對子代幼年期、果實成熟期、果實性狀之影響及優良品系選拔

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) breeding-The Influences of Mother Plant on Juvenile Period, Fruit Maturity Season and Fruit Characters, and the Selection of Promising Lines

張哲瑋(Jer-Way Chang) ； 趙政男(Cheng-Nan Chao) ； 顏昌瑞(Chung-Ruey Yen)

《中華農業研究》 50卷4期 (2001/12) Pp. 59-65

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200112.0006

摘要

荔枝人工雜交授粉以‘沙坑’及‘桂味’為母本著果率較高。調查荔枝雜交育種所使用之親本對子代值株幼年期、果實成熟期、果實品質之影響，結果顯示以‘沙坑’、‘高雄早生’及‘港尾晚生’為母本所得之子代幼年期較短。以‘沙坑’為母本可獲得較高比例的早熟後代，且以沙坑種的實生後裔為母本，則其後裔果實成熟期有更提前之趨勢。自然授粉實生苗果實性狀與原母本一致性較高者為可溶性固形物，果重以小果品種之後裔表現與母本較為相似，果肉率則以大果品種之後裔與母本較為相近。實生品系評估結果已選獲1個早熟及4個中晚熟實生品系。

關鍵字

荔枝 ； 育種 ； 子代 ； 幼年期 ； 果實成熟期 ； 果實性狀

並列摘要

In controlled pollination, 'Sah Keng' and 'Kwai Mi' used as mother plant could produce more fruits than other varieties. The influences of mother plant on juvenile period, fruit maturity season and fruit characters of progenies were studied. 'Sah Keng', 'Kaohsiung Early' and 'Kangwei Late' used as mother plant contributed to shorter juvenile period of progenies than other varieties. The progenies of 'Sah Keng' showed divergence toward early maturity season. When the progenies of 'Sah Keng' were used as mother plant, some seedlings of the 2nd progenies had maturity season one week earlier than mother plant and three weeks earlier than 'Sah Keng'. The contribution from mother plant to fruit size of progenies was not quite significantly correlated. However, the progenies of small mother plant produced smaller fruits more than the larger mother plant did. Aril ratio of progenies was not positively correlated with that of mother plant. Soluble solids in fruits of progenies were rather consistent with those in mother plant. Five promising lines were selected for advanced test in the breeding program.

並列關鍵字

Litchi chinensis Sonn. ； Breeding ； Progeny ； Juvenile period ； Fruit