磷酸根離子對叢枝菌根菌孢子發芽與菌絲生長之影響

The Influence of Phosphate on the Spore Germination and Hyphal Growth of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

林素禎(Su-Chen Lin) ； 吳繼光(Chi-Guang Wu)

《中華農業研究》 51卷3期 (2002/09) Pp. 20-30

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200209.0003

摘要

本文主要探討磷酸根離子對本省土壤中較常見的幾種叢枝菌根菌孢子的發芽率與菌絲生長之影響。所使用的菌種有六種同，Acaulospora scrobiculata，A. morrowiae, Entrophospora kentinensis, Glomus mosseae, G. occultum與G. versiforme。試驗結果發現，E. kentinensis, G. mosseae這兩種菌根菌孢子，當磷酸根離子濃度在0.4~10mM時，孢子發芽率最高，分別為73.3~90.0%，71.8~85.8%。當磷酸根離子濃度增加至20mM時，這兩種菌根菌孢子之發芽率皆降至20%以下，當磷酸根離子濃度達40mM時，這兩種菌根菌孢子之發芽率皆為0。A. morroowiae與A. scrobiculata在磷酸根離子濃度4mM以下時，孢子發芽率較高，分別為料44.3~58.5%與49.7~63.8%。G. versiforme在磷酸根離子濃度2mM時，孢子發芽率最高為45.5%。G. occultum對磷最敏感，當磷酸根離子濃度在1mM以上，則菌根菌發芽率與菌絲生長明顯下降。E. kentinensis在磷酸根離子濃度0.4~10mM時，菌絲長度為0.3~0.5mm/spore，當磷酸根離子濃度在20mM以上時，孢子全數不發芽。G. mosseae在磷酸根離子濃度2mM時，發芽率不受影響，但菌絲生長長度開始明顯下降。A. morrowiae, A. scrobiculata與G. versiforme這三種菌根菌孢子，當磷酸根離子濃度在10mM以上時，菌絲生長明顯受抑制。A. morrowiae與E. kentinensis在硫酸鉀溶液中孢子發芽率與菌絲生長情形，與其在鉀－磷酸鹽溶液中類似，因此，這兩種菌根菌孢子在鉀－磷酸鹽溶液中之發芽與生長除了受到磷酸根離子的影響外，可能亦受到鉀離子之影響。

關鍵字

菌根菌 ； 磷 ； 鉀

並列摘要

This study was mainly conducted to explore the influence of phosphate on the spore germination and hyphal growth of six common arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Taiwan soil. The six tested mycorrhizal fungi included Acaulospora scrobiculata, A. morrowiae, Entrophospora kentinensis, Glomus mosseae, G. occultum, and G. versiforme. Among these species, the best condition for spore germination of E. kentinensis, and G. mosseae was achieved at the [PO4^(-3)]0.4~10mM and their ranges of germination rate were 73.3~90.0% and 71.8~85.8% respectively. As the [PO4^(-3)] increased to 20mM, the spore germination rates of both species declined to ＜20%. The spore germination was completely inhibited when (PO4^(-3)) reached to 40mM. Both A. morrowiae and A. scrobiculata showed better spore germination rate at the ranges of 44.3~58.5% and 49.7~63.8% respectively, when [PO4^(-3)] was lower than 4mM. The highest spore germination rate of G. versiforme was 45.5% at [PO4^(-3)] 2mM. G. occultum seemed very much sensitive to phosphorus, and could not tolerate more than [PO4^(-3) 1mM. The hyphal length of E. kentinensis was only 0.3~0.5mm/spore at [PO4^(-3)] 0.4~10mM. As the [PO4^(-3)] reached to 20mM, all of the spore germination was suppressed. The germination rate of G. mosseae was not affected at [PO4^(-3)] 2mM, but the length of hyphal growth decreased significantly. The hyphal growth of A. morrowiae, A. scrobiculata, and G. versiforme was significantly suppressed when [PO4^(-3)] was higher than 10mM. Both spore germination and hyphal growth of A. morrowiae and E. kentinensis were similar as found in potassium sulfate and potassium phosphate solutions. It was inferred that not only phosphate but also potassium ion might exert certain influence to these two species.

並列關鍵字

Mycorrhiza ； Phosphorus ； Potassium