熱風乾燥處理對宜蘭白蒜種蒜品質與發芽之影響

Effect of Hot-air Drying on the Quality and Germination of I-Lan White Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Seed Bulbs

王怡玎(Yee-Ting Wang)

《中華農業研究》 52卷1期 (2003/03) Pp. 40-49

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200303.0005

摘要

‘宜蘭白蒜’種蒜球分別以25°、30°、35°或40℃熱風乾燥0、10、20或30日，然後比較各處理對種蒜球品質與發芽之影響。以40℃乾燥10日導致種蒜球大幅升高呼吸率及失重率，並使其外膜重度凹陷，蒜肉軟化呈水浸狀透明，喪失發芽能力。種蒜球以25°、30°或35℃乾燥10日即可使蒜膜及梗盤乾燥，球體硬實，呼吸率降低。以25℃乾燥20或30日，或以30°、35℃乾燥10、20或30日皆有促使種蒜球在20℃定溫箱中播植後提早1週發芽，提高發芽率與發芽整齊度及加速芽伸長的效果。各種處理比較，以35℃乾燥處理30日效果最好，30℃乾燥30日或35℃乾燥10日或20日的效果也相當接近，至於25℃乾燥之效果則較差。以35℃乾燥處理10、20或30日，或以30℃乾燥30日皆可使種蒜球播植後提早3至4週達到（或接近）100%發芽，而且使發出的芽較快速伸長，應可應用於必須採用剛收穫的種蒜球栽培青蒜的生產。

關鍵字

熱風乾燥 ； 呼吸率 ； 含水率 ； 芽長比 ； 發芽率

並列摘要

Garlic (Allium sativum L. cv. 'I-Lan White')seed bulbs were exposed to 25°, 30°, 35° or 40℃ hot-air for 0-, 10-, 20-, or 30-day drying. The quality of hot-air dried bulbs was evaluated. Some separated cloves were planted in flats and kept in a 20℃ dark chamber for germination test. Drying at 40℃ caused elevated respiration rate, quality damage, and total loss of germination of the bulbs. Drying at 25°, 30°, or 35℃ for 10 days was enough to produce well-dried firm bulbs, which had low respiration rates. Drying at 25℃ for 20 or 30 days or drying at 30° or 35℃ for 10, 20, or 30 days all resulted in earlier germination after sowing and more rapid seedling elongation compared to the undried control. Although the most effective treatment was 30-day drying at 35℃, 10- or 20- or 30-day drying at 35℃ or 30 day drying at 30℃ all resulted in 3- to 4-week acceleration of achieving 100% germination after sowing. Hot-air drying can be applied to garlic seed bulbs, which would be sown very shortly after harvest.

並列關鍵字

Hot-air drying ； Respiration rate ； Water content ； Length ratio of bud vs. clove ； Germination percentage