水稻粒形量化分析－Ⅰ、形狀參數之決定

Quantitative Analysis of the Shape of Rice Grain. I. Determination of Shape Parameters

呂秀英(Hsiu-Ying Lu) ； 魏夢麗(Meng-Li Wei) ； 呂椿棠(Chun-Tang Lu) ； 陳烈夫(Lit-Fu Chan)

《中華農業研究》 52卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. 311-323

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.200312.0006

摘要

隨著市售稻米品牌愈來愈多，為求能夠快速且準確地區分出穀粒樣品間的形狀差異，進行自動化篩選，達到品質管制之目的，於是影像分析系統之應用漸受重視。該項技術在軟體設計方面之發展，首先要確立有效的形狀指標。傳統上以長寬比例將稻米區分為三類（長、中及短粒形），但此對影像測量系統而言，則過於簡單而不足以充分地辨識稻米之粒形變異。有關稻米穀粒的形態量化分析研究仍相當闕如，故本研究以40個梗稻品種（系）之稻穀及糙米為試驗材料，利用可測的長(L)、寬(W)、厚(D)、面積(A)及圓周(P)等幾何特徵，估算7種二維(2D)或三維(3D)之形狀參數(S1~S7)，並探討這些形狀參數之間的關係，以從中找出最能代表水稻粒形的量化指標。結果得知，稻穀或糙米的分析結果一致，若採用2D法則建議利用長、寬及面積所建立之形狀參數S2(=L/A)、S5(=4A/πLW)、S6(=w/L)，就能有效地將稻穀及糙米之粒形予以量化；若考慮3D法，則可再搭配形狀參數S7(=(L+W)/2D)。

關鍵字

稉稻 ； 粒形 ； 幾何特徵 ； 形狀參數 ； 影像分析系統

並列摘要

As the rice trade increases, quickly and accurately distinguishing the shape differences among samples of rice grains is required to automatically separate grains for quality control. Thus, Image analysis systems become more important. The development of the software of these systems is based on the effective indices for quantifying the shape of grains. Rice grains had been traditionally classified into three categories (e.g. long, medium and short) by using the ratio of length to width, but it is too simple to adequately identify the shape variation of rice grains in image measuring system. There are few researches on the quantitative analysis of grain shape in rice. Therefore, in this study, 40 japonica rice varieties were used to determine the optimum indices for quantifying the shape in rice grain and brown rice. Geometric features such as length (L), width (W), depth (D), area (A) and perimeter (P) were measured. Seven shape parameters [two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D)] (S1~S7) were defined and derived from these basic geometric features. Relationships among the geometric features and shape parameters were further examined. Rice grain and brown rice showed consistent results. If the 2D measurement is selected, the shape parameters S2(=L/A), S5(=4A/πLW) and S6(W/L) derived from the length, width and area of grains could serve as useful indices to quantify the shape of rice grain and brown rice. If the 3D measurement is considered, the shape parameter S7 (=(L+W)/2D) could be used as another shape index.

並列關鍵字

Japonica rice ； Grain shape ； Geometric features ； Shape parameters ； Image analysis system