養鰻池細菌相季節變化之研究特別有關Aeromonas

Studies on the Bacterial Flora in Eel-culturing Ponds with Special Reference to Aeromonas

郭光雄(Guang-Hsiung Kou)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 3卷2期 (1974/12) Pp. 21-27

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.197412.0003

摘要

(1)由養鰻池水域中可分離Aeromonas，Pseudomonas，Enterobacteriaceae，Flavobacterium，Paracolon(Edwardsiella tarda)，Achromobacter-Alcaligenes及unidentified Gram-negative rods等7 groups細菌。皆為Gram-negative菌。每c.c.池水中所含上述7 groups菌之總數之季節變動與池水水溫之季節變動一致，卽夏季（8月）為最高達10^5 cells，10月開始漸次減低，至2月為最低降至10^3 cells，由4月又開始增加。
(2)各菌羣分別檢討，則Enterobacteriaceae，Flavobacterium及Achromobacter-Alcaligenes之季節變動與總菌數之變動幾乎一致，故推測總菌數之季節變動受此3 groups菌相變動之影響頗大。
(3)表層池水每c.c.之菌數比底層要高，給餌處池水比休憩處池水高，推測因底層及給餌處之池水中所含營養及浮懸物質量比表層及休憩處池水大之原故。
(4)各羣菌對總菌數之百分比在非發病池多數為30%以下，但發病池之原因病原菌却很顯著出現，有時高達80%以上。

並列摘要

Seven groups of bacteria: Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Flavobacterium, Paracolon, Achromobacter-Alcaligenes and unidentified Gram-negative rods were isolated fromeel-culturing ponds with or without the occurrence of red fln disease.
The present study showed that the number of bacteria in feeding area and bottom of the pond was higher than those found in the resting area and surface water. These results seemed to give an indication that temperature and the amount of organic substance had an effect on the total number of bacteria existing in different area.
The appearance of the pathogen responsible for red fin disease, Aeromonas or Paracolon, was related to the sign of prevalence of eels infected. When diseased eels were found, these two pathogens were predominant, i.e., up to 80% of the total bacterial flora. On the other hand, when eels showed no symptom, their occurrence were much more scant, i.e., less than 30% of the total bacterial flora.