臺灣近海和沿岸的鰹漁業

Skipjack Tuna Fisheries in the Waters Around Taiwan

楊榮宗(Rong-Tszong Yang)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 4卷1期 (1975/06) Pp. 93-110

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.197506.0010

摘要

本省鰹漁業由近海與沿岸漁業所構成；前者的年漁獲量佔鰹類漁獲量的90.5%。東部三縣（宜蘭、花蓮與臺東）的年漁獲量的和，平均佔全省鰹類總漁獲量的81.4%。宜蘭縣的沿岸鰹漁業，99%以上是定置網和地曳網。近海鰹漁業則以巾着網和延繩釣為主。花蓮縣的沿岸和近海鰹漁業分別以定置網和巾着網為主。臺東縣沿岸以定置網與刺網為主，其他漁具種類亦繁多；近海則主要以巾着網和曳繩釣，惟正鰹是以鰹竿釣居半。東部三縣的鰹漁期一年有二，一為四～六月，一為十～十二月；以前者為主。以正鰹單種來說，宜蘭縣的沿岸所產正鰹多於近海；花蓮縣的沿岸與近海產的正鰹的比率較接近；臺東縣則顯然近海多於沿岸。可推知正鰹的分佈，在東部三縣各有不同。正鰹的分佈，在北（宜蘭縣）可能較靠岸，在東南（臺東），則距岸較遠。澎湖縣的鰹漁期與東部三縣不同，一年只有一次，是在四月至九月之間。以巾着網與刺網為主。

並列摘要

According to statistics, skipjack fisheries in Taiwan is classified into two categories, viz., inshore and coastal fisheries; in average, 90.5% of the total catch is contributed by the former. The catches of the three eastern Hsiens, i.e., I-lan, Hwalien, and Taitung, share 81.4% of the total catch. In I-lan, 99% of the catch in the coastal is made by set net and beach seine; while purse seine and long line are the major fisheries in the inshore. In Hwalien, set net and purse seine are the major fisheries both for the coastal and inshore. In Taitung, set net and gill net are the main fishing gears in the coastal; and troll line, purse seine, and pole and line are the major fishing gears in the inshore. The monthly catch of the three eastern Hsiens show two peaks a year, in April to June and in October to December. The monthly catch of Peng-hu shows a peak a year, i.e., in April to September; purse seine and gill net are the major fishing gears.