鹽寮灣底延繩釣魚類羣集之種類分歧性及其數量變化

Species Diversity and Abundance of Fish Assemblages Caught with Bottom Longline from Yen-Liao Bay in Northeastern Taiwan

曾萬年(Wann-Nian Tzeng)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 9卷1&2期 (1982/12) Pp. 23-38

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.198212.0003

摘要

爲了瞭解鹽寮灣之魚類羣集及其時間、空間變化。從1980年12月起至1981年9月止，於鹽寮灣內設置12個測站。以延繩釣漁法，調查灣內之魚類種類及其數量。根據釣獲種類數及個體數，計算種類分歧度指數等，用以分析鹽寮灣魚類鞏集之構造。
在8次調查中，共釣獲280個體，分屬於19科41種。釣獲種類因季節及底質環境而異。其中以石狗公(Sebastes marmoratus)及橫紋膾(Cephalopholis pachycentron)之釣獲量較多，為該灣之常住種，也是臺灣北部岩礁區域常見之種類。單位努力漁獲量(CPUE)亦隨季節及底質環境而改變，CPUE以春季爲最高，秋季次之，冬夏最低。又，岩礁性測站CPUE較高，而沙質底者CPUE則低。由種類分歧度指數等之季節變化及測站間之比較結果，顯示鹽寮灣冬春季魚類羣集較單純而夏秋季較複雜，以及岩礁性測站魚類羣集比沙質性測站複雜之現象。

並列摘要

To understand the seasonal abundance, composition and diversity of the fishes in Yenliao bay, northeastern Taiwan, the fishes were collected using longline from 12 stations in the bay during the period from December 1980 to September 1981. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) and four species diversity indices were computed for the fishes collected each month from each station to elucidate the structure of the fish assemblages in the bay.
A total of 280 individuals representing 41 species and 19 families were collected from 8 cruises. Occurrence of species varied with season and bottom topography. Sebastes marmoratus and Cephalopholis pachycentron were dominant resident species that are common in the rocky habitats along northeastern Taiwan. CPUE showed a significant seasonal variation; it was low during winter, peaked during spring and then declined. CPUB also showed a significant difference among different bottom topographies; it was higher in rocky substrata than in sandy ones. The computed values of species diversity indices revealed that fish assemblages were highly diverse in summer and autumn and less diverse in winter and spring; and they were more diverse in rocky substrata than in sandy ones.