The Effects of Residual Chlorine;Temperatures and Salinities on the Mortality of Larval Milkfish Chanos Chanos

殘留氯，溫度，鹽度對虱目魚苗死亡率之影響

陳瑤湖(Yew-Hu Chien) ； 周昱翰(Yu-Han Chou)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 16卷4期 (1989/12) Pp. 271-280

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.198912.0006

摘要

本試驗就臺灣南部之屏東縣東港沿海所捕獲之草蝦，探討其可溶性抽出物的成分及其季節性變化。所捕獲之草蝦，經分析其筋肉之一般成分、游離胺基酸組成、quaternary ammonium bases核酸及其關連物質以及無機成分等，所得結果如下：1.Taurine、proline、glycine、alanine及arginine為草蝦游離胺基酸的主成分。以glycine的含量最多，其次為arginine.Glycine以冬季含量較高，夏季較低，而arginine則正好相反。其他之游離胺基酸，雖變化亦大，但無明顯的季節性區別。2.游離胺基酸的含量以11月最低，1月最高，約佔可溶性抽出物總含氮量的66～81％。3.Quaternary ammonium bases及關連物質中，以TMAO、glycine betaine及homarine的含量最多。TMAO含量在夏、秋之間含量最多，冬季最少。Glycine betaine的含量則於7月最高，1月最低。Glycine betaine與homarine變化極大，但與季節無關。TMAO、glycine betaine及homarine的合計量，於4月開始增加，8月時達到最高，然後逐漸減少，1月時含量最低，其變化與arginine相同。4.核酸有IMP、AMP、GMP、ADP及ATP，以AMP及IMP的量最多。關連物質中有hypoxanthine以及inosine，但含量極少。5.可溶性抽出物的無機成分中，主要為K(上标 +)、Na(上标 +)、Cl(上标 -)及PO(上标 3-)4，其中以PO(上标 3-)4最多，無機成分的總量相當的高，僅次於游離胺基酸。6.Glycine、proline、alanine及serine的合計量以冬季含量最多，而於夏、秋季含量最少，由此可見草蝦在冬季比夏季味美。

關鍵字

虱目魚苗 ； 死亡率 ； 殘留氯 ； 溫度 ； 鹽度

並列摘要

Seasonal variations of the extractive components of wild grass prawn,Penaeus monodon,caught along the coast of Tungkang,Pingtung in southernTaiwan were studied.Free amino acids,quaternary ammonium bases,nucleotide compounds,and inorganic compounds in the prawn's muscular tissue wereanalyzed.The major free amino acids included taurine,glutamine,proline,glycine,alanine,and arginine,of which glycine was the highest in content,followedby arginine.The content of glycine was higher in winter but lower in summer,while that of arginine was in reverse order.Variations on the contents ofthe other free amino acids were steady without indications of any highlysignificant seasonal change.The content of free amino acids was lowest in November,but highest inJanuary,with approximately 18-66% of the total extractive nitrogen.Contents of TMAO(trimethylamine oxide),glycine betaine and homarinewere highest among the quaternary ammonium bases and related compounds.The content of TMAO was highest during summer and autumn,but lowest inwinter.The content of glycine betaine was highest in July,but lowest inJanuary.Contents of glycine betaine and homarine varied greatly,but didnot change with the season.The total content of TMAO,glycine betaine andhomarine began to increase in April and peaked in August.The variation oftotal content was similar to that of arginine.Both decreased gradually andreached the minimum level in January.Nucleotides included IMP,AMP,GMP,ADP and ATP,with the first twoitems being the highest in content.Related compounds including hypoxanthineand inosine were scarce.The major inorganic compounds in the soluble extractive componentsincluded K(superscript +),Na(superscript +),Cl(superscript -),and PO(superscript 3-)4,with the last item being the highest.Thetotal content of inorganic compounds was rather high,ranking next to thecontent of free amino acids.The total contents of glycine,proline,alanine and serine were highestin winter,but lowest during summer and autumn.Therefore,grass prawn ismore palatable in winter than in summer.

並列關鍵字

Milkfish Larvae ； Mortality ； Residual Chlorine ； Temperature ； Saliniy