鰻池中固形物運動實態解析—Ⅱ固形物物性計測法

Modeling of the Solids Motion in Eel Pond -ⅡA Measurement Technique of the Solids Characteristics

侯文祥(Wen-Shang Hou)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 24卷1期 (1997/03) Pp. 33-47

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.199703.0004

摘要

為獲得不同之鹽度處理，將氯化鈉(NaCl)加入鹹水養蝦池底泥（鹽度24ppt）中，調成另外二種鹽度，30 ppt與36 ppt 。此實驗目的在瞭解鹽度變化對氯黴素(chloram-phenico1)與羥四環黴素(oxytetracycline)在有氧與厭氧下之鹹水養殖池底泥中轉換(transformation)之影響。鹽度與培養狀況（有氧或厭氧）對氯黴素在底泥中之吸附率並無顯著影響。在有氧狀態下，氯黴素在底泥中之轉換速度顯著地隨鹽度增加而降低。但在厭氧狀態下，氯黴素之轉換速度則不因鹽度增加而有顯著變化。羥四環黴素在底泥中之吸附率高於氯黴素，但其吸附率與轉換速度不因鹽度變化而有顯著的影響。氯黴素在有氧狀態下之轉換速率明顯的低於厭氧狀態者，也低於羥四環黴素在有氧與厭氧狀態下之轉換速率。羥四環黴素在厭氧狀態下之轉換速率，在實驗開始的9天內相當快速，但其後便幾乎呈現停滯狀況，其趨勢顯示羥四環黴素並不會被完全轉換至無法測得的程度。但羥四環黴素在有氧狀態下，氯黴素在有氧與厭氧狀態下，皆可被轉換至無法測得的程度。氯黴素在有氧狀態下之半反應時間(T(下标 1/2))高於厭氧狀態下者，也高於羥四環黴素於有氧狀態下之結果。實驗結果顯示，氯黴素與羥四環黴素在鹹水養殖池底泥中轉換，受到有氧與厭氧狀況之影響比受到鹽度之影響更顯著。

關鍵字

固形物 ； 沉降速度 ； 物性 ； 粒度分析 ； 鰻池

並列摘要

Sodium chloride was added to brackish water sediment slurries(24 ppt salinity)of a shrimp pond to obtain salinities of 30 and 36 ppt.The effects of salinitieson transformation processes of two antibiotics,chloramphenicol(CM)andoxytetracycline(OTC)in sediment slurries incubated under aerobic and anaerobicconditions were determined.Salinities and incubation conditions did not have significant effects on thesorption of CM.The transformation of CM decreased significantly with increasingsalinity under aerobic condition,but not under anaerobic condition.The sorptionof OTC was greater than CM.The sorption and tranformation of OTC was notaffected by salinities and incubation conditions.Transformation of CM under aerobic conditions was much slower than underanaerobic condition,also slower than the transformation of OTC under both aerobicand anaerobic condition.Thansformation of OTC under anaerobic conditionsfell sharply in the first 9 days,but ceased almost completely after.There was notrend that the remaining OTC would reach the undetectable level.Transformationof OTC under aerobic conditions and CM under both aerobic and anaerobic conditionsall reached undetectable level.Half-life of CM under aerobic conditions wasmuch longer than CM under anaerobic conditions and OTC under aerobic condition.The effects of aerobic or anaerobic condition on transformation of CM andOTC was more pronounced than salinity.

並列關鍵字

Solid ； Dropping Velocity ； Physical Characteristics ； Counting-Size Distribution