Comparison of the Catch Compositions of the Shrimp Beam Trawl Fishery in the Three Areas off the Southwestern Coast of Taiwan

台灣西南三海域之蝦拖網漁獲組成之比較

陳朝清(Chao-Ching Chen) ； 周耀烋(Yau-Shou Chow)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 28卷4期 (2001/12) Pp. 287-303

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.200112.0003

摘要

為解析台灣三個主要蝦椼拖網之作業海區，比較其上市及拋棄漁獲物之組成，於1997年~2000年間，於三地區租用商業漁船於area A（布袋－七股海域）、B（台南市海域）、C（屏東東港海域）分別進行80、62、93網次之試驗。本研究於area A、B、C，分別發現142、105、118種生物，三海區全年度均有出現者有10種。蝦類之優勢漁獲種於area A、B、C分別為Parapenaeopsis comuta（角突彷對蝦）、Metapenaeopsis barbata（鬚赤對蝦）及M. barbata。各季節之優勢種在area B全年均以M. barbata佔絕對優勢，area A以P. comuta為主，area C則較分散。以歧異度分析各漁獲魚種之問的關係，得知area C之種類較多樣化，歧異度亦大，魚種分佈較均勻，area B則相反。經分析其漁獲物之單位努力漁獲量CPUE (g/(haul*hour))，蝦及魚類以area B為最高，蟹、頭足類及螺類則以area C為最高。Duncan的多重比較顯示無論蝦、蟹均以area C和其他兩海區有顯著差異，而魚類以area B和其他海區有顯著不同。以拋棄與所有漁獲量之比值而言，魚、蝦類均以area C為最高，頭足類則以area A為最高。
本研究所得之結論如下：台灣西南海域之蝦椼拖網在較淺水深處之漁獲種類較水深處多，各優勢種之產量則以較深海區為大量。

關鍵字

椼桿式蝦拖網 ； 混獲 ； 上市漁獲 ； 拋棄漁獲 ； 漁獲組成 ； 歧異度

並列摘要

In order to compare the catch compositions of shrimp beam trawlers in the main fishing areas of the southwest Taiwan waters, the landed and discarded catches of 80, 62, and 93 hauls in three areas, area A (Putai to Chiku), area B (Tainan city), and area C (Tungkang) collected from the years of 1997 to 2000 were analyzed. There are 142, 105, and 118 species in area A, B, and C, respectively and ten of which can be found in the three areas all the year round. The dominant shrimp species in the three areas were Parapenaeopsis comuta, Metapenaeopsis barbata and M. barbata, respectively. P. comuta in area A; yet, it's insignificant in area C. Divershy indices showed that the area C had the highest species richness and diversity, and had more species evenness; whereas, the above situation in area B was on the contrary. The highest CPUE (g/(haul×hour)) of shrimp and finfish were found in area B, while that of crab, cephalopods and shellfish were in area C. With Duncan's test, shrimp and crab in area C were significantly different from the other two areas, and finfish was significantly different from areas A and C. The highest ratio of discarded shrimp and fish to all catch was in area C, and that of cephalopods was in area A. From this study, we found the catches of the shrimp beam trawlers in the shallow waters were more than those in the deep waters; yet, more dominant species were found in the deep waters.

並列關鍵字

Shrimp beam trawl ； Bycatch ； Landed catch ； Discarded catch ； Catch composition ； Diversity