Aquaculture in Taiwan-with Particular Reference to Feed Development

台灣之水產養殖－飼料發展的回顧與展望

蕭錫延(Shi-Yen Shiau) ； 廖一久(I-Chiu Liao)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 33卷2期 (2006/06) Pp. 89-97

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.200606.0001

摘要

全球漁撈及養殖二項的漁獲總量2003年已達1億3千2百2十萬公噸。歷年來養殖漁獲部份佔總漁獲量之比例日益增加，由1970年代不到10%增至2000-2003年之30%以上。台灣養殖漁業的歷史至今已逾300年，但真正快速的成長時期為1970年至1980年代。促進台灣養殖漁業快速成長之主要因素包括好的水質與土壤、溫和的氣候、充分的魚苗供應、勤勞的漁民以及專家學者的努力及其確立優異之繁、養殖技術。除此之外，配合飼料之研發及其推廣成功亦為促進台灣養殖漁業快速成長之另一重要因素。台灣水產飼料發展始自1969年鰻魚飼料之開發和上市，後來以迄1987年間，水產飼料產業之進展則與台灣水產養殖漁業產量之增加亦步亦趨、相輔相成。1988年，由於疾病及環境惡化等原因，台灣養殖漁業開始陷入掙扎與轉型階段。今後為使台灣養殖漁業能夠成功轉型並繼續發展，必須要有正確之策略以及作法，水產飼料關係養殖漁業整體產業之成敗甚鉅，當然必須根據科學化的研究作出適當並具前瞻性之調整以為因應。

關鍵字

水產養殖發展 ； 水產飼料發展 ； 水產養殖管理

並列摘要

Global production from capture fisheries and aquaculture supplied about 132.2 million mt of food fish in 2003. The contribution of aquaculture to global supplies of fish, crustacean and mollusks continues to grow, increasing from below 10% of total production by weight in the 1970s to over 30% in 2000-2003. Aquaculture in Taiwan began more than 300 years ago. The industry grew rapidly in the 1970s and early 1980s because of several factors including good water and soil quality, suitable climatic conditions, availability of natural fish fry, hardworking farmers, as well as great contribution of the scientific community for establishing appropriate aquaculture technologies. Moreover, the successful use of formulated aquafeed in the aquaculture practice was one of the major developments that contributed to the success of aquaculture in Taiwan. The development of formulated aquafeed in Taiwan started in 1969 when eel feed was first introduced to the market. After that, the use of formulated aquafeed in aquaculture practice showed a great impact on aquaculture production in Taiwan until 1987. Beginning in 1988, however, aquaculture in Taiwan has gone into a struggling and transition stage due to problems such as disease outbreaks and environment deterioration. Strategies are needed to be properly implemented to sustain future aquaculture development in Taiwan. Aquafeed industry which plays an essential role in the success of aquaculture business shall also adjust accordingly, with an outlook for future development.

並列關鍵字

Aquaculture development ； Aquafeed development ； Aquaculture management