A combination of aquaculture ponds with floating photovoltaic (FPV) is a critical issue for the land-scarce country. For understanding the FPV covered impaction on the aquacultural environment, a pond with a 40% surface area covered by the FPV system was studied to compare with the control pond in the variations of temperature, dissolved oxygen, and plankton composition for three months. The results showed that temperature and dissolved oxygen in the FPV pool were lower than the control ponds. Furthermore, the daily variations of temperature and dissolved oxygen were also smaller than the control pond. The composition of planktonic species of FPV ponds was fewer than the control pond. It indicated that the aquaculture pond with FPV had lower variations of water quality, and its the potential to be applied to the pond management.