藝術與政治：說服人心的宣傳運用－以兩幅畫作、兩位政界人士為例

藝術可以是讓世界更美好的媒介，也可能是變動社會的一種武器，當藝術為政治服務成為工具之時，就不單純只有提供審美的功能，透過有目的性的宣傳渲染，甚至可以影響人們文化信仰和價值觀的建立，進而改變思考、價值觀及促成贊成或反對等具體行動。值得注意的是，近幾年在傳播媒介不斷的演進之下，網際網路的發達，令藝術得以透過不同形式，迅速且直接的傳達到個人身上，短時間不斷快速重複且大量的資訊讓人印象深刻，卻也讓人更加難以分辨真偽，內容可能帶有特定的企圖，取決於背後主導者所欲達到的目的；即便如此，政治和藝術兩者在歷史洪流中是不斷滾動的，所有的狀態都不會是永恆不變，經由時間空間的證明之下，事實真理自然得以被討論與驗證，不同的世代可能對過往歷史真相會有不一樣的詮釋結果，所有過去的藝術都可成為檢驗政治在當時與現在、甚至推論未來的重要證據。本文藉由政治藝術與政治宣傳兩大面向，從繪畫作品〈馬拉之死〉和〈蔣公巡視古寧頭海防〉中探討政治藝術中政治關係和歷史真相的關係，同時藉由戈培爾與班農的政治藝術宣傳手法，瞭解政治藝術其使用的傳播帶給人們的效應影響，從藝術蘊含的多重面相和其目的性做一個完整的探討。

關鍵字

政治藝術；政治宣傳；宣傳；戈培爾；班農

並列摘要

Art can be a medium to make the world a better place and it can also be a weapon to change the society. When art serves as a tool for politics, it does not just provide aesthetic functions. Through purposeful publicity and rendering, art can even influence people's cultural beliefs and values, thereby to change people's ways of thinking and promote specific actions of approval or disapproval. Besides, we can notice that with the continuous evolution of the media in recent years, the Internet has connected art to individuals quickly and directly through different forms. The large amount of information that is repeated quickly not only makes people impressive, but also makes it more difficult to discern the false from the genuine. The content may have specific intentions, depending on the purpose of the conductor behind the scenes. Even so, both politics and art constantly keep rolling in the historical tide and all the states will not always be the same. With the proof of time and space, facts and truths can naturally be discussed and verified. Different generations may have different interpretations of the past historical facts. All the past art might be the important pieces of evidence for examining the politics for the present, and even for the future. This article, based on two aspects of political art and political propaganda, explored the relationship between political relations and historical facts from two paintings ＂Death of Mala＂ and ＂Chiang Kai-shek's Inspection of Guningtou Coastal Defense.＂Moreover, this article discussed the effects and influences on people from the dissemination of political art and through Goebbels' and Bannon's political artistic propaganda, so as to make a complete elaboration from the multifaceted aspects and purposes of art.

並列關鍵字

political art ； political propaganda ； propaganda ； Goebbels ； Bannon

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