煉鐵原料之高溫軟化熔融性質

本研究使用可模擬高爐内部反應之高溫軟熔試驗設備，測試各種煉鐵原料之軟熔特性，以探討原料對高爐軟熔帶之影響，並為高爐選擇適當之原料及加料方式。主要研究結果如下：（1）燒結礦之軟化溫度通常頗高（約1400℃），有利於在高爐内較低的位置形成軟熔帶。當燒結礦之鹽基度過高時（CaO/SiO_2大於約1.93），其熔融後的滴落性質不佳，對高爐下部之透氣性不利。（2）塊鐵礦之軟熔性質普遍不佳；軟化溫度低（約1200℃），軟熔溫差大，軟熔時之透氣性亦不佳，不利於高爐軟熔帶之位置、厚度及透氣性。雜質含量極低（如SiO_2加Al_2O_3含量1.2％）之塊鐵礦則例外。（3）不同化學成份之球結礦，其軟熔性質有極大之差異。鹽基度（CaO/SiO_2）大於0.8之Fluxed Pellet（自熔性球結礦），其軟熔性質優於鹽基度低之Acid pellet（酸性球結礦）。Fluxed pellet中若含有適量之MgO（如1.5％），其軟熔性質更佳（4）軟熔性質不佳之塊鐵礦或Acid pellet與燒結礦混合時，可消除其不佳的軟熔特性；混合原料之軟熔性質甚至優於燒結礦。故將塊鐵礦或Acid pellet與燒結礦均匀混合後再加入高爐，應可改善高爐之軟熔帶。

關鍵字

高爐；原料；軟熔性質

並列摘要

The burden materials were tested with an aparatus which simulated the conditions in blast furnace to evaluate their softening and melting properties. The results are as follows: The softening temperature of sinter was high (around 1400℃). An ircrease in basicity (CaO/SiO_2) of sinter decreased the meltdown ratio, which was unfavourable to the permeability at high temperature. Generally, lump ores demonstrated an inferior properties: low softening temperature (around 1200℃), large difference between softening and melting temperatures and high gas flow resistance, except a lump ore with a very low gangue. The commercial acid pellet had the similar properties to lump ores. The fluxed pellets (CaO/SiO_2＞0.8), however, had much better properties. Its properties might further be improved if it contained a high MgO (e. g. 1.5%). When the lump ore or acid pellet was mixed with sinter, the disadvantage of its properties could be eliminated and the mixture might have the properties even slightly better than the sinter. The mixing of burden materials, therefore, might improve the cohesive zone in blast furnace.

並列關鍵字

Blast furnace ； Raw material ； Softening and Melting properties

國際替代計量

煉鐵原料之高溫軟化熔融性質

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