- 期刊
天然氣生產之智慧型分析系統
Total System Analysis of Gas Production Operations
摘要
所謂“生產天然氣”指的是由地層中某點將天然氣移動到地面生產線的一系列操作，為了達成上述的動作，天然氣會通過很多使壓力降低的區域。為了要決定天然氣井的生產動態，必須將所有可能影響壓力變化的因素做一系統的分析（total system analysis）或稱節點分析（nodal analysis）。一般的分析方式是根據所要了解的目的點把整個生產系統（由天然氣層至地表的生產線）區分成兩個子系統，再依各個子系統中所做的變化估算對整個生產系統的影響。不過在傳統的節點分析之中，只能了解針對單一目的點的變化對生產系統的影響，沒有辦法去評估眾多影響天然氣生產因素間的交互作用對整個生產系統的影響，而且也沒有辦法了解整個生產系統的流率與天然氣層壓力隨時間變化的狀況。本研究建立了一套智慧型天然氣生產分析系統，此系統利用結點分析估算各定點壓力與流率動態資料的能力，建立天然氣生產的模擬系統，並將此模擬系統與生產衰減曲線分析結合，成為一套能估算天然氣生產系統在使用不同的地下油管、地表管線、分離器壓力、壓縮機、地底安全閥與穿孔密度等等因素下分析天然氣的生產能力與壓力變化等狀況，在此智慧型分析係統中，使用者只需具備生產操作的基本知識，利用生產系統的基本資料即可進行天然氣生產的分析，這對於天然氣田的完井設計、生產規劃與經濟評估有相當大的幫助。
並列摘要
Gas production is a process to move the gas from the reservoir to the surface production line. In order to accomplish such operation, the gas must pass many pressure dropping areas. Although all of pressure dropping areas can be analyzed independently, in order to determine the performance of the well, dall factors must be combined into a total system or nodal analysis. The nodal analysis is accomplished by dividing the total system into two separate sbsystems and determining the effects of changes made in one or both of the subsystems on the well performance. In conventional nodal analysis, it deals with single point to realize the effect of changes made in this specific point and cannot evaluate the total influence of changes made in many points of the production system simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to establish an intelligence analysis system for gas production. The system integrates nodal analysis and production decline curve analysis to estimate the performance of well using different size of tubing, flowline, subsurface safety valve, compressor and so on. In this analysis system, the user only needs some basic knowledge of gas producing operation to use this system appraising the producing capacity of a well with respect to time for economic evaluations and for planning equipment purchases.
延伸閱讀
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